Respiratory care
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Review Meta Analysis
Effect of CPAP on Endothelial Function in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to endothelial dysfunction. CPAP is the first-line treatment for OSA. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of CPAP on endothelial function in subjects with OSA. ⋯ Sensitivity analyses indicated that the protective effect of CPAP on endothelial function was robust. CPAP significantly improved flow-mediated dilation in subjects with OSA. Long-term randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the positive effect of CPAP on endothelial function in subjects with OSA.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of Ambient Music on Perceived Exertion During a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Session: A Randomized Crossover Study.
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a key element in the treatment of COPD. Music has been shown to have a positive effect on parameters related to a decrease in exercise tolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of listening to ambient music on perceived exertion during a pulmonary rehabilitation session for COPD subjects. ⋯ This study demonstrates that perceived exertion during one pulmonary rehabilitation session was not influenced by ambient music. However, a positive effect on anxiety was observed. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT01833260.).
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Comparative Study
A Evaluation of an Oxygen Mask-Based Capnometry Device in Subjects Extubated After Abdominal Surgery.
For early detection of respiratory and hemodynamic changes during anesthesia, continuous end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (PETCO2) is monitored by capnometry. However, the accuracy of CO2 monitoring during spontaneous breathing in extubated patients remains undetermined. Therefore, we aimed to compare P(ETCO2) measured by capnometry using an oxygen mask with a carbon dioxide sampling port (capnometry-type oxygen mask) and P(CO2) in extubated subjects who had undergone abdominal surgery. Furthermore, we investigated whether spontaneous deep breathing affected dissociation between P(aCO2) and P(ETCO2). ⋯ It is possible to measure the P(ETCO2) under varying breathing conditions with the capnometry-type oxygen mask in subjects receiving oxygen supplementation after extubation following upper abdominal surgery to determine whether they are properly ventilating. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration UMIN000011925.).
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Editorial Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A Comparison of Metered-Dose Inhaled Albuterol Versus Endotracheal Liquid Bolus Albuterol for the Treatment of Bronchoconstriction.
Aerosolized albuterol delivery is a mainstay treatment for bronchoconstriction; however, almost no data exist that evaluate the clinical outcome of instillation of an endotracheal liquid bolus (ELB) of a bronchodilator directly into the airway. ⋯ ELB albuterol lavage may be a viable option to reverse bronchoconstriction in intubated patients with limited response to traditional aerosolized albuterol via MDI.
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Asthma continues to be recognized as a well-known respiratory disease requiring complex management. Asthma is assessed and treated by clinicians across the continuum. The interest in evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management is ongoing and essential for aligning clinical practice with its changes. The purpose of this review is to provide updates from recent literature on asthma for clinicians.