Respiratory care
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In Asian countries, nationwide data on patients undergoing home mechanical ventilation are limited. ⋯ These data will aid in planning the optimal health-care system for users of home mechanical ventilation locally and will allow for comparison of home mechanical ventilation use rates among countries.
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Research in the area of adult invasive mechanical ventilation is rich and diverse. With more than 3,200 articles on mechanical ventilation published in 2018, isolating the most relevant literature is a challenge. Separated into 5 themes (ie, ventilatory support, hyperoxia, ventilator-associated events, prevention of events, and ventilator liberation), this article will describe the most important papers published on adult invasive mechanical ventilation in 2018.
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Healthy individuals without respiratory symptoms can sometimes present with low FEV1/FVC. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare subjects without symptoms and with reduced FEV1/FVC but normal FEV1 with subjects with mild obstructive lung disease. ⋯ A reduced FEV1/FVC may be a normal finding in younger-to-middle age male subjects with an FVC% value above the mean predicted value, especially when terminal flow is within the normal range.
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Counting breaths for a full minute for all patients to determine breathing frequency could result in excessive work load for many medical staff. The aim of this study was to verify the agreement of 2 quick screening methods with counting breaths for a full minute. ⋯ The breathing time measurement method had better agreement with the 1-min breath count method than did the 15-s quadruple method in this study setting.
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The present study aimed to characterize the behavior of 3 components of respiratory muscle function during mechanical ventilation weaning in children to better understand the respective impact of a spontaneous breathing trial on ventilatory mechanical action (esophageal pressure [Pes], ventilatory demand (electrical activity of the diaphragm [EAdi]), and oxygen consumption. ⋯ In these children who were critically ill, a spontaneous breathing trial induced a moderate and nonsignificant increase in work of breathing, as reflected by the respiratory drive with EAdi and respiratory mechanics with Pes. However, indirect calorimetry did not seem to be a sensitive tool to assess respiratory muscle function during the weaning phase in children who were on mechanical ventilation, especially when work of breathing was slightly increased.