Respiratory care
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The delivery of a high and consistent [Formula: see text] is imperative to treat acute hypoxemia. The objective of this study was to analyze the effective inspired oxygen concentration delivered by different low-flow oxygen therapy systems challenged with different oxygen flows and respiratory patterns in an experimental lung model. ⋯ Lung oxygen concentration values delivered by the double-trunk mask were higher than those obtained with other oxygen delivery systems, especially when leaks were present.
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Observational Study
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Association With Aerobic Capacity, Lung Function, Sleep, Well-Being, and Quality of Life.
Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) have marked impact on key prognostic indicators such as aerobic capacity and lung function in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and may have associations with sleep, well-being, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). ⋯ Most participants did not meet PA targets. PA levels correlated to aerobic capacity, FEV1, and self-reported sleep quality, and this should be considered in longitudinal studies and in PA interventions.
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The cuff leak test (CLT) has been shown to have excellent specificity and moderate sensitivity for predicting postextubation stridor (PES). However, the ventilator flow waveform and the subject position are not uniform in current clinical practice. ⋯ In this study, performing the CLT with the subject in semi-recumbent position using the square waveform appeared to allow for the best prediction of PES.
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Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) facilitates management of acute respiratory failure without intubation. Many pediatric patients cannot tolerate the discomfort associated with noninvasive support and require sedation with agents that may decrease respiratory drive. Dexmedetomidine does not decrease respiratory drive, and we hypothesized that its use would increase tolerance of noninvasive respiratory support without increasing risk for intubation. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine may allow tolerance of NIV in acute respiratory failure without increasing risk for intubation, especially in preschool age patients and those with DD or ID. A larger study involving multiple centers would help support our conclusions.