BMJ open
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Meta Analysis
Sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study aims to review the evidence of sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among nursing home residents. ⋯ CRD42018081668.
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Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are two classes of glucose-lowering drugs gaining popularity in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Current guidelines suggest patient-centred approaches when deciding between available hyperglycaemia drugs with no indication to which specific drug should be administered. Despite systematic reviews and meta-analyses being conducted within SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs, differences across these classes of drugs have not been investigated. Therefore, this systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) will aim to compare the efficacy and safety profiles across and within SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs. ⋯ CRD42018091306.
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To assess evidence for 'legacy' (post-trial) effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and all-cause mortality among adult participants of placebo-controlled randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of statins. ⋯ Possible post-trial statin legacy effects on all-cause mortality appear to be driven by the primary prevention studies. Although these relative benefits were smaller than those observed within the trial, the absolute benefits may be similar for the two time periods. Analysis of individual patient data from follow-up studies after placebo-controlled statin RCTs in lower-risk populations may provide more definitive evidence on whether early treatment of subclinical atherosclerosis is likely to be beneficial.
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The aim of this systematic review was to assess the diaphragmatic dysfunction (DD) as a predictor of weaning outcome. ⋯ Both DE and DTF showed good diagnostic performance to predict weaning outcomes in spite of limitations included high heterogeneity among the studies. DD was found to be a predictor of weaning failure in critically ill patients.
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A systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the magnitude of the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults was undertaken. ⋯ The findings suggest that alcohol consumption increases the risk of CAP. Therefore, strengthening policies to reduce alcohol intake would be likely to reduce the incidence of CAP.