Indian journal of anaesthesia
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Confirmation of correct endotracheal tube placement is essential immediately after intubation for general anaesthesia. In this study, we have compared upper airway ultrasonography (USG) with reference to capnography for rapid confirmation of endotracheal tube placement after general anaesthesia. ⋯ Both capnography and upper airway USG may be used as primary procedures for the confirmation of ETT placement.
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Second generation supraglottic airways are increasingly being used in surgical patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Preventing aspiration at higher airway pressures may be at the expense of a higher cuff pressure which can impair mucosal perfusion. We attempted to elucidate whether Ambu AuraGain™ (AAU) would provide a higher oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) with a lower mucosal pressure in comparison to ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway (PLMA). ⋯ AAU provides adequate sealing pressures and effective ventilation with lower calculated pharyngeal mucosal pressure, compared to PLMA.
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In paediatric patients, airway management can be challenging due to unique anatomical and physiological variations. Hence, a thorough history, examination and pre-operative planning are essential in securing difficult airway in paediatrics. ⋯ The procedures were uneventful and recovery was good. This case report emphasises the use of conventional techniques in the management of difficult airway.
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Ultrasonography has emerged as a novel, portable, non-invasive tool encouraging airway assessment and procedural interventions. This study assesses the feasibility of ultrasound for block of internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (ibSLN) block during upper airway anaesthesia to aid awake fibre-optic intubation. ⋯ Ultrasound for ibSLN block as a part of preparation for awake fibre-optic intubation improves quality of airway anaesthesia and patient tolerance.
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Bispectral index (BIS) values may be anaesthetic agent-specific, depending on their ability to suppress the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. We carried out a prospective, randomised clinical trial to study the effect of nitrous oxide (N2O) on the BIS values at an equi-minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane and desflurane. ⋯ Sevoflurane and desflurane at equi-MAC concentration exert similar effect on BIS values when used with air-oxygen. N2O results in higher BIS values; this effect is more pronounced in combination with sevoflurane.