Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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Regional anesthesia has been widely applied as an excellent method for perioperative analgesia. Recent studies suggested that regional anesthesia is a promising approach to minimize the risk of surgical site infection and postoperative cancer recurrence, subsequently providing the benefits to the long-term outcome. ⋯ Besides, during the perioperative periods, tumor immunity is significantly depressed due to surgical pain, activation of sympathetic nervous system, inflammatory responses, and others. In this review article, we discuss the tumor immunity during the perioperative period, with focus on the alterations of tumor immunity and regional anesthesia.
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The aim of this case series was to evaluate the performance of GlideScope AVL single-use video laryngoscope for the visualization of the glottis and endotracheal intubations. ⋯ GlideScope AVL single-use video laryngoscope could be an effective aid for airway management in surgical patients.
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New trend in pediatric anesthesia is described as pediatric anesthesia can be a challenge. This special article will provide anesthesiologists, especially non-pediatric anesthesiologists with an update on the most important issues and the changes that have taken place over the last few years in pediatric anesthesia. ⋯ This article is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Yoh Horimoto, Department of Anesthesiology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital.
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Most drugs used in practical pediatric anesthesia are off-label. Pediatric anesthesiologists and non-pediatric anesthesiologists who rarely encounter pediatric patients need to be aware of the clinical usage of these drugs based on pediatric pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to ensure that children are not exposed to unnecessary risks. Clinical guidelines on anesthetic drugs have been made available on the Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists website, and anesthesiologists are encouraged to access this site at least once. ⋯ Rocuronium and sugammadex have been used safely in pediatric patients so far, and may change the induction methods used in difficult airway patients and the management of airway emergencies. Desflurane is novel in Japan and has not been commonly used in pediatric anesthesia. Desflurane may cause very high irritability in the airway and may be used for the maintenance of anesthesia in limited situations.
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Recent advances in pediatric airway management contribute to a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality in pediatric anesthesia. This article reviews the current concept of routine and difficult pediatric airway with special emphasis on preoperative pediatric airway assessment. ⋯ Based on the pediatric protocol recently published by the Difficult Airway Society (DAS), we discuss structured algorithms for unanticipated difficult pediatric airway. Simulation technology will aid acquisition and retention of pediatric airway management skills.