Korean journal of anesthesiology
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Korean J Anesthesiol · Apr 2013
Lipid emulsion-mediated reversal of toxic-dose aminoamide local anesthetic-induced vasodilation in isolated rat aorta.
Intravenous lipid emulsion has been used to treat systemic toxicity of local anesthetics. The goals of this in vitro study were to determine the ability of two lipid emulsions (Intralipid® and Lipofundin® MCT/LCT) to reverse toxic dose local anesthetic-induced vasodilation in isolated rat aortas. ⋯ Lipofundin® MCT/LCT-mediated reversal of bupivacaine-induced vasodilation was greater than that of Intralipid®; however, the two lipid emulsions equally reversed vasodilation induced by ropivacaine and lidocaine. The magnitude of lipid emulsion-mediated reversal of vasodilation appears to be correlated with the lipid solubility of the local anesthetic.
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Korean J Anesthesiol · Apr 2013
Antihyperalgesic effects of dexmedetomidine on high-dose remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 adrenergic agonist that has been shown to decrease the intensity of opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). We aimed to investigate the antihyperalgesic effects of dexmedetomidine on high-dose remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. ⋯ High-doses of remifentanil induced hyperalgesia, which presented a decreased mechanical hyperalgesia threshold, enhanced pain intensity, a shorter time to first postoperative analgesic requirement, and greater morphine consumption, but dexmedetomidine efficiently alleviated those symptoms. Dexmedetomidine may be a novel and effective treatment option for preventing or attenuating OIH.
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Korean J Anesthesiol · Apr 2013
Ultrasound does not shorten the duration of procedure but provides a faster sensory and motor block onset in comparison to nerve stimulator in infraclavicular brachial plexus block.
Infraclaviculr Brachial plexus (ICBP) block is useful for upper extremity surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the ultrasound (US) technique with the nerve stimulation (NS) technique in their success rates and times to perform ICBP block. ⋯ The ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block is a significantly efficacious method with faster onset but similar procedure time compared to the nerve stimulation technique.
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Korean J Anesthesiol · Apr 2013
The causes of difficult tracheal intubation and preoperative assessments in different age groups.
We studied the differences in airway assessment factors among old, middle, and young age groups, and evaluated the frequency and causes of difficult intubation among these groups. ⋯ Compared to young individuals, middle-aged or elderly adults are likely to experience more difficulty in endotracheal intubation and its predictive factors could vary by age group.
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Korean J Anesthesiol · Apr 2013
The Pentax airway scope versus the Macintosh laryngoscope: Comparison of hemodynamic responses and concentrations of plasma norepinephrine to tracheal intubation.
The Pentax Airway Scope (AWS) is a video laryngoscope designed to facilitate tracheal intubation with a high-resolution image. The Pentax AWS has been reported to cause less hemodynamic stress than the Macintosh laryngoscope. The aims of this study are to investigate the differences in hemodynamic responses and norepinephrine concentrations to tracheal intubation between procedures using he Pentax AWS and the Macintosh laryngoscope. ⋯ Pentax-AWS for tracheal intubation has greater hemodynamic stability than the Macintosh blade laryngoscope.