Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Efficacy of chamomile-extract spray for prevention of post-operative sore throat.
A randomized, double-blind study was carried out to assess the effect of 111 mg of Chamomile extract spray compared with normal saline spray (placebo) administered before intubation on post-operative sore throat and hoarseness. One hundred and sixty-one ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I, II elective surgical patients were recruited. Forty-two out of 80 patients (52.5%) in the Chamomile group scored no post-operative sore throat in the post-anesthesia care unit compared with 41 out of 81 patients (50.6%) in the placebo group, p=0.159. ⋯ There was no statistically significant relationship between sore throat or hoarseness and ASA physical status, sex, history of smoking, grade of laryngoscopic view, number of intubation attempts, condition during intubation and condition of extubation. However, there was significant correlation between use of oral airway and sore throat in the post-anesthesia care unit and 24 hours after operation (p=0.031 and 0.002 respectively). Chamomile extract spray administered before intubation, therefore, can not prevent post-operative sore throat and hoarseness.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A placebo-controlled, randomized trial of droperidol versus metoclopramide for outpatients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy under conscious sedation.
This study compared the prophylactic antiemetic efficacy and the adverse effects of 0.5 mg droperidol, 5.0 mg metoclopramide, and placebo for outpatients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy under conscious sedation. One hundred and fifty outpatients were randomly allocated, in a randomized double-blind manner, into three groups to receive intravenous normal saline, 0.5 mg droperidol, and 5.0 mg metoclopramide before operation. Conscious sedation using intravenous pethidine, midazolam and local infiltration were given to each patient during the operation. ⋯ The difference of antiemetic effect of both study drugs failed to reach statistical significance. There was also no statistical difference of intra-operative hypoxemia, sedation score, and discharge time among the groups. Therefore, using 0.5 mg droperidol or 5.0 mg metoclopramide is not effective in providing antiemetic prophylaxis for outpatients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy under conscious sedation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Tranexamic acid in patients with hemoptysis.
Hemoptysis is a common respiratory symptom leading to admission to hospital. The main management of hemoptysis depends on treating the underlying cause. The use of tranexamic acid is recommended by many doctors without much information available. ⋯ This randomized double blinded placebo controlled trial could not demonstrate the benefit of tranexamic acid in shortening the days of hemoptysis and confirm the low incidence of side effects of this drug.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of ondansetron-dexamethasone-lorazepam versus metoclopramide-dexamethasone-lorazepam in the control of cisplatin induced emesis.
The antiemetic effect of ondansetron-dexamethasone-lorazepam versus those of metoclopramide-dexamethasone-lorazepam were evaluated in 30 ovarian cancer patients undergoing treatment with the same chemotherapeutic regimen (cisplatin 60 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 700 mg/m2). Patients were randomly selected to receive either the ondansetron arm or the metoclopramide arm in their first cycle of chemotherapy, but were given an alternative combination in the second cycle. In the ondansetron arm, ondansetron was given 8 mg intravenously (i.v.) plus dexamethasone 20 mg i.v. and lorazepam 0.5 mg oral. ⋯ Complete control of emesis was 90 per cent vs 36.7 per cent, complete protection from nausea was 80 per cent vs 43.3 per cent, and complete protection from both nausea and vomiting was 73.3 per cent vs 30.0 per cent. Forty per cent of patients in the ondansetron arm did not complain of any adverse reaction compared to 13.4 per cent in the metoclopramide arm. It can be concluded, therefore, that a combination of ondansetron, dexamethasone and lorazepam appears to provide a significantly better emetic control with less adverse reaction than the metoclopramide combination in the acute nausea-vomiting phase after receiving cisplatin.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Intubating conditions after three different doses of rocuronium in the elderly.
This randomized controlled trial study evaluated the intubating conditions at 1 minute after 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mg/kg of rocuronium in 60 Thai elderly patients who enrolled for elective surgery under general anesthesia with fentanyl, thiopental and halothane at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Excellent or good conditions were observed in 50 per cent (p<0.05) at rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg, compared with 95 and 85 per cent at 0.6 and 0.9 mg/kg of rocuronium, respectively but the excellent conditions were 5 (p<0.05), 30 and 45 per cent from each dose. ⋯ In addition, rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg is insufficient for intubation at 1 minute in this age group. No serious side effects of the drug nor complications were found in this study.