Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1999
Comparative Study[Postoperative epidural analgesia using local anesthetics in combination with morphine in children].
Epidural analgesia with lidocaine (trimecaine) in combination with the minimum morphine doses is an effective method for regional pain relief in children. It maintains a long postoperative analgesia with 5-10 times lower doses of narcotics.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1999
Review Comparative Study[Pediatric regional anesthesia: rational approaches and practical aspects].
Regional anesthesia in children is to be carried out with due consideration for anatomy, physiology (specifically, neurophysiology), pharmacology of local anesthetics, and detailed knowledge of pediatric protocols of numerous regional blockades. Age-specific differences in the pharmacokinetics of local anesthetics should be borne in mind when choosing safe doses and protocols. The pharmacokinetic factors may involve the risk of toxic reactions to local anesthetics. The protocols of central neuroaxial blockades in children are characterized by certain differences, concerning the indications, anatomic reference points, choice of special equipment, doses, and schemes of administration.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1999
Comparative Study[Prolonged blocking of the brachial plexus by axillary approach in children].
Surgical interventions were carried out under combined total anesthesia with prolonged blocking of the brachial plexus via axillary approach in 40 children aged 4-14 years with surgical diseases of the arms. Prolonged axillary blockade maintained adequate analgesia in the lower third of the brachial bone, ulnar joint, forearm, and hand for 24-48 h. The proposed protocols of lidocaine and bupivacaine infusion into the axillary space of the brachial plexus caused no toxic reactions in children of this age group. The method can be used in children during and after surgery.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1999
Review Comparative Study[Current problems in anesthesia and intensive care in pediatrics].