Pneumonologia i alergologia polska
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
[Bacterial endotoxins produced by Alcaligenes faecalis and Erwinia herbicola as potential occupational hazards for agricultural workers].
Laboratory animals (guinea pigs and rabbits) were exposed to the inhalation of aerosolized endotoxins derived from the cell mass of Alcaligenes faecalis and Erwinia herbicola, the Gram-negative bacteria commonly occurring in organic dusts. Single 1 hour-lasting exposure caused the significant increase in the number of free lung cell, mostly lymphocytes, compared to the control group exposed to saline (P < 0.001). Prolonged exposure to tested endotoxins (Fifteen 1 hour-lasting exposures every second day) caused both specific and non specific immunological changes: enhanced inhibition of leukocyte migration production of precipitins, and activation of alveolar macrophages, wes assessed by greater antibacterial activity and increased interleukin I (IL-I) production. The results indicate that the endotoxins of examined bacteria represent a potential risk of inflammatory lung reaction and respiratory disease for agricultural workers inhaling organic dusts contaminated with these organisms.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Effect of CPAP and BiPAP assisted breathing on pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea].
CPAP breathing increases alveolar and intrathoracic pressures. We aimed to investigate the effects of CPAP and BiPAP breathing on pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with OSA. Ten male patients with OSA (AHI = 48 +/- 22) were studied. ⋯ BiPAP breathing had no effect on intravascular and transmural pressures, CO and PVR. We conclude that CPAP breathing increase pulmonary intravascular but not transmural, true, pressure. BiPAP breathing does not change pulmonary haemodynamics what may be of importance as pulmonary circulation is concerned.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Phenotype of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage and peripheral blood with different clinical presentations of sarcoidosis].
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the bronchoalveolar cell counts, the phenotypic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage and peripheral lymphocytes and the clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis. 24 patients with sarcoidosis of the lung were examined. Patients were divided into groups based on the presence and the type of clinical symptoms (patients with symptoms of Löfgren syndrome, with constitutional and respiratory symptoms and symptomless patients). ⋯ The bronchoalveolar cell count and the percentages of phenotypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes did not differ significantly between the groups of patients. The bronchoalveolar lavage performed in patients with sarcoidosis indicates various intensity of alveolitis dependent on the clinical manifestation.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
[Lung function and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic major vessel thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension].
We studied 14 consecutive patients with severe pulmonary hypertension due to chronic major vessel thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CPTEH), clinical entity that may be successfully surgically treated by pulmonary thrombendarterectomy. Resting pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange were investigated. Exercise tolerance was studied by 3 different exercise tests. ⋯ During Bruce test patients completed from 1 to 4 stages. During incremental maximal symptom limited test on cycloergometer patients achieved 56 +/- 18 watts. We concluded that patients with CPTEH present with resting hypoxaemia deteriorating further on exercise and severely limited exercise tolerance.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
[Pulmonary circulation at rest and during exercise in patients with obstructive sleep apnea before and after one year of treatment with CPAP].
We studied pulmonary haemodynamics in 19 male patients, mean age 45 +/- 5 years, suffering from severe OSA, mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) 68 +/- 17. Pulmonary haemodynamisc were studied using Swan-Ganz thermodilution catheter in the supine position at rest, and at the end of the 7th minute of steady-state exercise (40 W). Investigations were repeated after one year of treatment with nasal CPAP. ⋯ After a year of treatment PPA changed to 15.8 +/- 4.0 mmHg (NS), Pw-7.5 +/- 3.1 mmHg (NS), CO-4.9 +/- 1.6 L/min (NS), PVR - 145 +/- 35 d.sec.cm-5 (NS). In two patients with resting hypertension PPA dropped from 33 mmHg to 25 mmHg and 28 mmHg to 18 mmHg respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant change in any of the studied variables after one year of the CPAP therapy.