Pneumonologia i alergologia polska
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2011
Review[The need of lung cancer screening: new evidence, new expectations].
Lung cancer is the most common cancer in Poland and in the world and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. In the past 30 years lung cancer survival has not been improved. In the same period of time significant progress has been made in the results of treatment of many other cancers for example: breast, colorectal and prostate cancer. ⋯ The major breakthrough is the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), randomized trial conducted in USA, that demonstrated 20% mortality reduction in low-dose computed tomography group comparing to radiography group. Several randomized trials are ongoing in Europe. Researchers continue to seek new methods of screening such as autofluorescence bronchoscopy, advanced techniques of sputum analysis and techniques of molecular biology.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2011
Case ReportsMarked improvement of heart failure upon adequate titration of continuous positive airway pressure in a patient with obstructive sleep apnea.
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is frequently present in heart failure (HF), and it may take the form of obstructive (OSA) and central (CSA) sleep apnea. The use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with OSA and HF is associated with an improved neuroendocrine profile and cardiac function. The degree of upper airway obstruction and the airway closing pressure (and the PAP pressure used to relieve it) may all be highly variable in a setting of uncontrolled HF, mostly due to variable airway oedema. We present a case of a man with HF whose cardiac symptoms radically improved after adequate treatment of his OSA with an auto-adjusting PAP device.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2011
[Coexistence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
Both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may lead to chronic alveolar hypoventilation. The coexistence of OSA syndrome and COPD has been named the overlap syndrome. The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between the severity of COPD and the occurrence of chronic alveolar hypoventilation in patients with OSA syndrome. ⋯ Chronic alveolar hypoventilation occurs in most of the obese patients with moderate and severe OSA syndrome and coexisting COPD, including most of the patients with moderately impaired ventilatory function. The occurrence of chronic alveolar hypoventilation in the course of the overlap syndrome is related to the restrictive ventilatory pattern and the lower mean and minimal SaO(2) during obstructive sleep apneas and hypopneas.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2011
[Prevalence of latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mazovia Region using interferon gamma release assay after stimulation with specific antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10].
Over 8000 cases of tuberculosis (TB) are diagnosed annually in Poland. People infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) have a risk of active disease around 10% during whole life, the risk is biggest in the first two years after infection. Recognizing infection before TB disease occurred enables prophylaxis against its activation and ceases transmission of infection. Knowledge about proportion of infected people in the population is crucial to predict the number of new cases of active disease. ⋯ LTBI was diagnosed in 23.3% of tested population of Mazovia Region. QFT is a better tool for diagnosing LTBI as it shows positive correlation with age, the same as incidence of TB disease does. Concordance between both tests is low. Prevalence of LTBI in HCW is higher than in other participants.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2011
[Mortality and comorbidity in hospitalized chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients].
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a fourth cause of death in USA and is expected to be the third cause of death by year 2020. It is believed that some diseases like cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, cachexia, anaemia are systemic consequences of COPD. Some data show that the co-morbidities are more frequent in severe COPD patients than in control groups and are associated with the serious health outcomes. It is debated whether extra pulmonary comorbidities or pulmonary complications are the main reason of death in COPD. The aim of the study was to analyze the mortality and comorbidity in COPD patients who died during hospitalization in the Department of Pneumonology and Allergology in WMU from 2004 to 2008. ⋯ 1. The most frequent reasons of death were related to respiratory system: COPD exacerbation, pneumonia and lung cancer. 2. The most frequent diseases coexisting with COPD were cardiovascular disease, respiratory insufficiency and diabetes mellitus.