Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
-
J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Treatment of severe pediatric ethylene glycol intoxication without hemodialysis.
There is limited experience treating severe ethylene glycol poisoning in children without hemodialysis. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical course and outcome of severe pediatric ethylene glycol poisoning treated without hemodialysis. ⋯ Six pediatric patients with severe ethylene glycol intoxication and normal renal function were successfully treated without hemodialysis.
-
J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Case ReportsUnusual D-lactic acid acidosis from propylene glycol metabolism in overdose.
To report a case of D-lactic acid acidosis owing to massive oral ingestion of propylene glycol. ⋯ Ingestion of massive doses of propylene glycol, previously not reported as a cause of D-lactic acidosis, should be added to the differential diagnosis of this rare condition.
-
J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Relative toxicity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in overdose.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have increasingly replaced tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in the treatment of depression. They appear to be safer in overdose, but there is little information on their spectrum of toxicity in overdose, or relative toxicity of each agent. ⋯ This study shows SSRIs are relatively safe in overdose despite serotonin syndrome being common. The exception was citalopram, which was significantly associated with QTc prolongation. We believe that cardiac monitoring should be considered in citalopram overdose, particularly with large ingestions and patients with associated cardiac disease.
-
Single-dose activated charcoal (SDAC) is frequently administered to poisoned patients. The assumption is that toxin absorption is prevented and that toxicity (as defined by morbidity and mortality) of the poisoning is decreased. ⋯ Risks of this procedure have not been determined. The reported adverse events following SDAC administration are reviewed and risk:benefit ratio for this procedure is discussed.
-
J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of fresh frozen plasma on cholinesterase levels and outcomes in patients with organophosphate poisoning.
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of fresh frozen plasma, as a source of cholinesterase, on butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; plasma or pseudo cholinesterase) levels and outcomes in patients with organophosphate poisoning. ⋯ Fresh frozen plasma therapy increases BuChE levels in patients with organophosphate poisonings. The administration of plasma may also prevent the development of intermediate syndrome and related mortality. Plasma (fresh frozen or freshly prepared) therapy may be used as an alternative or adjunctive treatment method in patients with organophosphate pesticide poisoning, especially in cases not given pralidoxime. Further randomized controlled and animal studies are required to infer a definitive result.