Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Do adenosine receptors play a role in amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity in rats?
The aim of the our study was to investigate the role of adenosine receptors on cardiovascular toxicity induced by amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant agent. Therefore, the hypothesis of this study was that adenosine receptor antagonists would improve and/or prevent amitriptyline-induced hypotension and conduction abnormalities in an anesthetized rat model of amitriptyline intoxication. ⋯ Adenosine antagonists were found to be effective in improving hypotension, QRS prolongation and survival time in our rat model of amitriptyline toxicity. Additionally, amitriptyline-induced cardiotoxicity was abolished by pretreatment with adenosine receptor antagonists. These results suggest that adenosine receptors may have a role in the pathophysiology of amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity. Adenosine A1 and A2a receptor antagonists may be promising agents for reversing amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Letter Case ReportsIngestion of high-dose buprenorphine by a 4 year-old child.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of fresh frozen plasma on cholinesterase levels and outcomes in patients with organophosphate poisoning.
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of fresh frozen plasma, as a source of cholinesterase, on butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; plasma or pseudo cholinesterase) levels and outcomes in patients with organophosphate poisoning. ⋯ Fresh frozen plasma therapy increases BuChE levels in patients with organophosphate poisonings. The administration of plasma may also prevent the development of intermediate syndrome and related mortality. Plasma (fresh frozen or freshly prepared) therapy may be used as an alternative or adjunctive treatment method in patients with organophosphate pesticide poisoning, especially in cases not given pralidoxime. Further randomized controlled and animal studies are required to infer a definitive result.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Case ReportsUnusual D-lactic acid acidosis from propylene glycol metabolism in overdose.
To report a case of D-lactic acid acidosis owing to massive oral ingestion of propylene glycol. ⋯ Ingestion of massive doses of propylene glycol, previously not reported as a cause of D-lactic acidosis, should be added to the differential diagnosis of this rare condition.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Relative toxicity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in overdose.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have increasingly replaced tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in the treatment of depression. They appear to be safer in overdose, but there is little information on their spectrum of toxicity in overdose, or relative toxicity of each agent. ⋯ This study shows SSRIs are relatively safe in overdose despite serotonin syndrome being common. The exception was citalopram, which was significantly associated with QTc prolongation. We believe that cardiac monitoring should be considered in citalopram overdose, particularly with large ingestions and patients with associated cardiac disease.