Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnętrznej
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Dec 2021
Sarcopenia and cachexia in chronic diseases: from mechanisms to treatment.
Two main manifestations of wasting disorders in chronic disease are cachexia and sarcopenia. Due to shared pathological features, including impairments in systemic inflammatory responses, neurohormonal activity, and metabolic systems, the 2 disorders can present with similar symptoms (tissue depletion, dyspnea, anorexia, asthenia, fatigue, and impaired physical performance). Wasting disorders are associated with reduced quality of life and increased mortality. ⋯ In the past decade, intensive research has focused on new therapeutic strategies within a multimodal approach, which embraces nutritional support, physical activity, and targeted pharmacological therapy. Despite some initial promising therapeutic results for selected novel agents, guideline-recommended pharmacotherapy is not yet available for cachexia or sarcopenia. More research is needed to better understand these wasting disorders and learn how to treat them.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Dec 2021
ReviewAssessment of pulmonary embolism severity and the risk of early death.
Currently, venous thromboembolism, including deep vein thrombosis and acute pulmonary embolism (PE), is globally the third most frequent acute cardiovascular syndrome with rising incidence rates. The clinical presentation of PE is heterogenous: from incidental findings on imaging studies to sudden cardiac death. ⋯ Treatment should be tailored to the risk of early death, with more aggressive treatments reserved for patients at higher risk of complications. This review offers an update on the current strategies for assessing PE severity and the risk of early death and discusses developments in predicting mortality risk in patients with PE.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Dec 2021
Multicenter StudyPatterns of multimorbidity in 4588 older adults. Implications for non-geriatrician specialist.
Multimorbidity has been recognized as an important factor in geriatric medicine. However, its importance for other specialists is still to be fully appreciated. ⋯ The age-specific analysis of clustering revealed differences in prevalence and patterns of comorbidities, which stresses the importance of individual approach to older patients.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Dec 2021
Cholesterol homeostasis is dysregulated in women with preeclampsia.
The link between preeclampsia and dyslipidemia has been established. Even though lipid profile parameters have been intensively investigated in the pathology of preeclampsia, their accurate molecular mechanisms of action have not been fully decoded. ⋯ Late-onset preeclampsia could be associated with an altered lipid profile. By studying the quantitative metabolic signatures of cholesterol, we might assume that both cholesterol synthesis and absorption are increased, that is, there is an imbalance in the cholesterol homeostasis regulation in women affected by the disease.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Dec 2021
ANGPT1 and ANGPT2 polymorphisms in systemic sclerosis: ANGPT2 rs2442598 and rs3739390 are associated with disease susceptibility and diffuse subtype. Preliminary observations.
Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and -2 (Ang-2) concentrations were found to be associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). ⋯ We concluded for the first time in the literature that the ANGPT2 rs2442598 polymorphism might represent a susceptibility locus for SSc, whereas the ANGPT2 rs3739390 and ANGPT1 rs2507800 variants may affect the disease profile.