Radiology
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Review
Imaging review of the temporal bone: part I. Anatomy and inflammatory and neoplastic processes.
From a clinical-radiologic standpoint, there are a limited number of structures and disease entities in the temporal bone with which one must be familiar in order to proficiently interpret a computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging study of the temporal bone. It is helpful to examine the region in an organized and systematic fashion, going through the same checklist of key structures each time. This is the first of a two-part review that provides a practical approach to understanding temporal bone anatomy, localizing a pathologic process with a focus on inflammatory and neoplastic processes, identifying pertinent positives and negatives, and formulating a differential diagnosis.
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To compare serum creatinine (SCr) level- and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)-based screening methods for identifying adult inpatients at risk for contrast medium-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN). ⋯ Screening using eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m(2) instead of common SCr thresholds would significantly increase the number of inpatients identified to be at risk for CIN but would reduce misidentification of a large number of inpatients at low risk according to eGFR criteria.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Split-bolus spectral multidetector CT of the pancreas: assessment of radiation dose and tumor conspicuity.
To assess tumor conspicuity and radiation dose with a new multidetector computed tomography (CT) protocol for pancreatic imaging that combines spectral CT and split-bolus injection. ⋯ Split-bolus spectral multidetector CT resulted in vascular, liver, and pancreatic attenuation and tumor conspicuity equal to or greater than that with multiphase CT, with a 43% reduction in radiation dose.
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Comparative Study
Symptomatic white matter changes in mild traumatic brain injury resemble pathologic features of early Alzheimer dementia.
To evaluate white matter integrity in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) who did not have morphologic abnormalities at conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with diffusion-tensor imaging to determine any relationship between patterns of white matter injury and severity of postconcussion symptoms. ⋯ The distribution of white matter abnormalities in patients with symptomatic mild TBI is strikingly similar to the distribution of pathologic abnormalities in patients with early Alzheimer dementia, a finding that may help direct research strategies.
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To assess quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in the depiction of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) by using 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. ⋯ QSM at 3-T MR imaging performs significantly better than current standard-of-care sequences in the depiction of the STN.