Regional anesthesia
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSpinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. A comparison of two doses of hyperbaric bupivacaine.
Hyperbaric local anesthetic pools in the thoracic spinal curvature in supine patients. The authors hypothesized that patients receiving 12 or 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine would achieve similar levels of sensory block but the spinal anesthetic would be denser and longer lasting in patients receiving the 15 mg dose. ⋯ Parturients receiving 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine developed a higher mean level and longer duration of sensory analgesia than those receiving 12 mg.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAddition of bicarbonate to plain bupivacaine does not significantly alter the onset or duration of plexus anesthesia.
In an effort to elucidate further the effect of alkalinization of bupivacaine on its anesthetic effect, a study was undertaken using alkalinized and non-alkalinized bupivacaine for lumbar plexus block and comparing the results with those obtained previously with brachial plexus block. ⋯ The data obtained in the present study indicate that alkalinization of non-epinephrine-containing bupivacaine does not reduce the latency or increase the duration of analgesia or anesthesia after lumbar plexus block. Since most of the studies that do show such an effect of alkalinization were carried out using epinephrine-containing bupivacaine, it is postulated that in those studies alkalinization contributed to the decrease in latency and increase in duration, not so much by providing an increased amount of local anesthetic in the free base form, but by reactivating epinephrine's vasoconstrictor activity, which is inactivated by a low pH.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAlkalinization of mepivacaine improves the quality of motor block associated with interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia for shoulder surgery.
Interscalene block has produced appropriate anesthesia for shoulder surgery. Success is partly determined by the quality of motor block achieved. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of alkalinization of mepivacaine on the quality of motor block achieved with interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia. ⋯ Alkalinization of mepivacaine improves the quality of motor block after interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder surgery.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEpidural clonidine combined with bupivacaine for analgesia in labor. Effects on mother and neonate.
A double-blind study was conducted to assess the efficacy and the safety of epidural clonidine combined with bupivacaine for analgesia during labor. ⋯ The study documents that clonidine improves epidural bupivacaine analgesia during labor and demonstrates transfer of the drug across the placenta. Therefore, a more extensive study is required to determine the incidence of possible side effects of clonidine in neonates.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLateral femoral cutaneous nerve block revisited. A nerve stimulator technique.
Regional block of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) often has disappointing success rates despite the large volumes of local anesthetic used. This study was undertaken to investigate the utility of using a nerve stimulator (NS) to localize and block the LFCN. ⋯ A NS can be used to localize a purely sensory nerve; such as the LFCN, and improve success rates in regional anesthesia.