Przegla̧d lekarski
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Obesity--an important problem in modern societies--is caused by energy balance dysregulation and produces numerous adverse effects on health. Recently a particular attention has been paid to molecular and physiological mechanisms in the development of obesity and to the signalling role of adipose tissue in energy stores maintenance on the hypothalamic level. Leptin, the obese gene product discovered in 1995, may play a key role in the feedback system between adipose tissue and the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (satiety centre). ⋯ Defining of the role of leptin in the regulation of satiety and energy expenditure will undoubtedly contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and its related metabolic complications and may lead to a new treatment approach to human obesity based on leptin or its analogues. At present research work focuses on leptin receptor studies and on ob gene polymorphism and its expression in feeding disorders including obesity and anorexia nervosa. The ob gene is one of a few genes involved in energy balance, however, very promising one.
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We present evaluation and methods of treatment for "tic douloureux" (trigeminal neuralgia). Angio-Magnetic Resonance seems to be essential in establishment of neuro-vascular compression pathology. ⋯ In patients with contraindications for general surgery other techniques are being used to decrease pain sensation: RF thermocoagulation with the help of stereotactic procedure, percutaneous microcompression of the trigeminal ganglion, radiosurgery, electrical stimulation of the Gasserian ganglion. Current methods of imaging and new therapeutical achievements allow to dramatically reduce pain and discomfort in first days of trigeminal neuralgia.