The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Mar 2015
Review Meta Analysis Historical ArticleRisk of all-cause mortality and vascular events in women versus men with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Studies have suggested sex differences in the mortality rate associated with type 1 diabetes. We did a meta-analysis to provide reliable estimates of any sex differences in the effect of type 1 diabetes on risk of all-cause mortality and cause-specific outcomes. ⋯ None.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Aug 2014
Review Meta AnalysisCardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: a comparative risk assessment.
High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council, US National Institutes of Health.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Apr 2014
Review Meta AnalysisChildhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Latin America: a systematic review.
The number of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese worldwide is alarming. We did a systematic review to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 0-19 years in Latin America. We searched specialised databases and seven books for relevant studies that were done in Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking Latin American and Caribbean countries and published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2008, and April 2013. ⋯ Overall, between 42·5 and 51·8 million children aged 0-19 years were affected-ie, about 20-25% of the population. Although undernutrition and obesity coexist in the region, policies in most countries favour prevention of undernutrition, and only a few countries have implemented national policies to prevent obesity. In view of the number of children who are overweight or obese, the associated detrimental effects on health, and the cost to health-care systems, implementation of programmes to monitor and prevent unhealthy weight gain in children and adolescents are urgently needed throughout Latin America.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Apr 2014
ReviewStress hyperlactataemia: present understanding and controversy.
An increased blood lactate concentration is common during physiological (exercise) and pathophysiological stress (stress hyperlactataemia). In disease states, there is overwhelming evidence that stress hyperlactataemia is a strong independent predictor of mortality. However, the source, biochemistry, and physiology of exercise-induced and disease-associated stress hyperlactataemia are controversial. ⋯ Finally, lactate appears to act like a hormone that modifies the expression of various proteins, which themselves increase the efficiency of energy utilisation and metabolism. Clinicians need to be aware of these advances in our understanding of stress hyperlactataemia to approach patient management according to logical principles. We discuss the new insights and controversies about stress hyperlactataemia.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Apr 2014
ReviewVitamin D concentration, obesity, and risk of diabetes: a mendelian randomisation study.
Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration and high BMI have been associated with increased risk of diabetes. We tested the hypotheses that genetic variants associated with low concentrations of 25(OH)D are associated with diabetes, and that the effect on diabetes of genetic variants associated with high BMI is partly mediated through reduced plasma 25(OH)D concentration. ⋯ Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen University Hospital.