Cahiers d'anesthésiologie
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Jan 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[A comparative study of the cost of open-circuit as opposed to closed-circuit ventilation].
The authors compared two open randomized groups of patients undergoing surgery through general anaesthesia. Group 1 consisted of 54 patients ventilated by a Siemens 900 B ventilator in open circuit, and group 2, 56 patients ventilated by an ELSA de Gambro ventilator in a closed circuit. Comparative hour cost for nitrous oxide (N2O), oxygen (O2) and halogen gas, Enflurane, Isoflurane, was noted. ⋯ In order to improve the effective cost of close circuit, the authors proposed: the use of closed circuit ventilation for more than 3 hours surgery, gas saturation in closed circuit after denitrogenation--which demands the use of halogen infjectors, and lime in containers cheaper than disposable cartridges. Respecting the above criteria, the total hour cost in close circuit fell to 4.90 FF, gain of 63% against open circuit. For O2 et N2O, the hour cost goes from 1.34 FF in close circuit to 13.28 FF in open circuit, 90% economy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[A comparison of midazolam and diazepam in premedication using the intramuscular route].
A double blind study has been carried out on 60 women undergoing gynaecological surgery: they were divided into 2 groups who were given as premedication either midazolam: 10 mg, or diazepam: 15 mg intramuscularly. No significant differences between both groups concerning heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were found. After 30 min sedation of anxiety was noted in 30 subjects (100%) after midazolam and in 20 subjects (67%) after diazepam (P less than 0.001). ⋯ Amnesia of the immediate postoperative period was 100% in both groups. Midazolam as compared with diazepam can be regarded as a superior intramuscular premedicant. This superiority can been explained by a rapid and good resorption.
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[The effect of alfentanil on pain caused by the injection of propofol during anesthesia induction in children].
Three modes of administration of alfentanil were assessed in order to reduce pain on injection with propofol. Forty healthy children scheduled for ENT surgery were included in this double-blind randomized study. All patients received intrarectal premedication with midazolam and atropine. ⋯ The children experience pain when alfentanil was administered a few seconds before or just after propofol. An bolus injection reduced significantly discomfort in patients. Dosages of alfentanil in plasma might determine the right moment of propofol injection to obtain analgesia.
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[The amnesic effects of midazolam in premedication of children].
The aim of this study was to check local and general tolerance as well as anxiolytic and amnesic effects of midazolam intramuscular administration as a premedication in 4 to 10 years old children. A double blind, comparative study with a placebo was achieved, after drawing lots, in 40 children divided into two equal groups. ⋯ Also anterograde amnesia was found to be excellent: 17 children in the midazolam group did not remember a photograph shown after premedication, instead of only one in the placebo group. Anxiolytic effects, similar in both groups, cannot be considered owing to the too short interval of time from premedication to induction.
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Sep 1989
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial[Dobutamine during anesthesia of patients at risk for heart failure. A controlled prospective multicenter study of 93 surgical patients over 64 years of age].
Most anaesthetic agents cause cardiac depression possibly hazardous in the elderly, especially in presence of a poor cardiac reserve. Ninety-three patients undergoing non cardiac surgery lasting more than 90 min. were entered in a double-blind multicentre randomized trial. They were 65 year old or more and unaffected by evolutive angina pectoris. ⋯ More arrhythmias and hypertensive episodes but less hypotensions occurred in group D. Substantial haemodynamic changes occur during anaesthesia and surgery in elderly patients. Dobutamine corrects the peroperative decrease in cardiac output and blood pressure, and might prevent postoperative neurological disorders.