Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Review[What we know today about solitary rectal ulcer syndrome].
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome (SRUS) is a rare defecation disorder with varied clinical manifestations and often presents challenges in diagnosis. To date, there is no definitive treatment for SRUS. ⋯ Surgery is reserved for correcting anatomical problems. This review provides an update on available data regarding the pathophysiology, presentation, clinical evaluation, and various treatment alternatives.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Review[What do we know about craniopharyngioma? Updated review of the main advances and local experience.].
Craniopharyngioma is a tumor of benign histology, although it can cause serious sequelae due to its location and growth in the sellar and suprasellar region. It is characterized by being aggressive due to its ability to invade locally, and by its high recurrence rate. Histologically, two distinct tumors have been acknowledged, which were previously considered subtypes. ⋯ The symptoms of both of these tumor types are secondary to hormonal deficits, hydrocephalus or visual disturbances. Treatment should be performed in centers with experience in them, achieving a balance between a wide resection and protection of hypothalamic function. Radiotherapy has proven to reduce tumor recurrence, with a current focus on the development of medical treatments based on molecular targets.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Practice Guideline[Multidisciplinary consensus on the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors in chilean clinical practice using the GRADE methodology].
The Chilean consensus on the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors (iSGLT-2) in clinical practice, jointly developed by the societies of Cardiology, Diabetes, Family Medicine, and Nephrology, strongly recommends the use of these drugs in people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, type 2 diabetes mellitus for prevention of cardiovascular events, and chronic kidney disease. In heart failure with preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction, and chronic kidney disease without diabetes, the consensus suggests the use of iSGLT-2. ⋯ Safety and cost-effectiveness considerations for prioritized implementation according to evidence are discussed. The document highlights the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and the generation of local evidence to maximize the potential of these drugs in the management of complex cardiometabolic conditions in Chile.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
[Prevalence and clinical associations of steatotic liver disease in a Preventive Medicine Unit: A cross-sectional study].
Steatotic Liver Disease is the most frequent chronic hepatic disease worldwide. Its prevalence is 30-38% and is associated with progression to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. A new terminology for this condition was recently published, classifying it into five groups. ⋯ The prevalence of hepatic steatosis in our sample was 26.8%, with a significant difference between men and women. In 94.3% of cases, it was associated with metabolic dysfunction.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Case Reports[High risk syncope in a young patient: An uncommon cause].
Syncope is a frequent consult. It's responsible for 1 to 3% of consults to the emergency room in the United States. The cause is generally benign; however, high-risk cases are potentially deadly and must be identified. ⋯ During the first 48 hours, she presented multiple episodes of non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. The patient evolved with diminished QTc interval and regression of the wall motion abnormalities. At the 6-month follow-up the patient was asymptomatic, without new episodes.