Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Review[What we know today about solitary rectal ulcer syndrome].
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome (SRUS) is a rare defecation disorder with varied clinical manifestations and often presents challenges in diagnosis. To date, there is no definitive treatment for SRUS. ⋯ Surgery is reserved for correcting anatomical problems. This review provides an update on available data regarding the pathophysiology, presentation, clinical evaluation, and various treatment alternatives.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Review[What do we know about craniopharyngioma? Updated review of the main advances and local experience.].
Craniopharyngioma is a tumor of benign histology, although it can cause serious sequelae due to its location and growth in the sellar and suprasellar region. It is characterized by being aggressive due to its ability to invade locally, and by its high recurrence rate. Histologically, two distinct tumors have been acknowledged, which were previously considered subtypes. ⋯ The symptoms of both of these tumor types are secondary to hormonal deficits, hydrocephalus or visual disturbances. Treatment should be performed in centers with experience in them, achieving a balance between a wide resection and protection of hypothalamic function. Radiotherapy has proven to reduce tumor recurrence, with a current focus on the development of medical treatments based on molecular targets.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
Case Reports[Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome due to blunt chest trauma: A case report].
We report a case of a patient with chest trauma (TT) complicated with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as ventilatory support. Clinical case: A 48-year-old man, with no relevant history, after a high-energy vehicle collision admitted with severe TT. He evolved with respiratory failure that required intubation and connection to mechanical ventilation (MV). ⋯ Discussion: ECMO support is complex, expensive, and is performed in high-risk patients. The use of this resource requires trained health workers. Its use must be highly selective, constituting a valuable support tool in some patients with severe ARDS secondary to TT.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
[Epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic in chilean children and cdolescents].
The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest public health crisis worldwide in recent times. ⋯ Covid-19 mainly affects the adult population, however the epidemiological curve described in children is very similar to that of adults. Differences by sex are observed depending on the age group.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2024
[Development of the EULAT eCollect application for electronic data collection within the European-Latin American consortium towards eradication of preventable gallbladder cancer - EULAT Eradicate GBC].
The European-Latin American Consortium towards Eradication of Preventable Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) - EULAT Eradicate CVB is collecting high-quality data and samples in four Latin American countries with a high incidence of GBC: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. The goal is to build a unique biorepository integrated with a customized informatics platform, identify, validate, and functionally characterize novel GBC risk biomarkers, and develop GBC prediction models integrating epidemiological and genetic-molecular risk factors. ⋯ We describe in this article the design and implementation of EULAT eCollect, which started with the specification of functional and non-functional requirements and ended with the implementation and subsequent validation of the four application modules: I Socio-demographic interview, II Sample information, III Case report form, and IV Food frequency questionnaire. We present both general and technical results and our experience with the Open Data Kit software, which may be of interest for future research projects, especially those on personalized cancer prevention conducted in low- and middle-income regions.