Otolaryngologia polska. The Polish otolaryngology
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of this study was examination of laryngeal nerve injury, hypoparathyroidism, bleeding and thyroid storm frequency after thyroidectomy. ⋯ Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism are most common complications after thyroid surgery. Total thyroidectomy and reoperation are risk factors of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism.
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Malignant tumors constituted 25% of all gland tumors, the most frequently in parotid gland. ⋯ Malignant tumors constituted 22% of all gland tumors. Mucoepidermoid (27%) and adenoid cyst (22%) carcinomas were the most common malignant tumor. Tumor stage T3-T4 was in 88,5% cases. Accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of parotid tumors is 81,2%.
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The aim of the study was to assess the influence of glucocorticoids on the view of hair cell regeneration process being in the chicken's inner ear (basilar papilla - BP) after exposure to wide-band noise at the level 120 dB (A) for 48 hours. We found that glucocorticoids given during and/or after exposure to the noise have a cytoprotective activity to the hair cells, they limitate the extensiveness and decrease the dynamics of hair cells injury. We observed that new "young" hair cells reappeared at the sensory epithelium on the 7th day after the end of exposure. Regenerated hair cells have immature, short and thick cilia and small apical surface area.
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A foreign body in the parotid gland is extremely uncommon. It can penetrate to the parotid gland through the skin or from the oral cavity via the Stenonís duct. A case of 23-years-old man with the several pieces of glass within the superficial lobe of the right parotid gland was described. The surgical removal was performed and the diagnosis of the foreign body was quite easy.
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Review
[Causes, diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic dysphagia as an interdisciplinary clinical problem].
The intricate mechanism of swallowing can be divided into three phases: oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal. Dysphagia is a disruption in the swallowing process, which include difficulty in transporting (or a lack of transporting) a food or liquid bolus from the mouth through the pharynx and esophagus into the stomach. Causes of disruptions in the swallowing process can be divided into superior (oropharyngeal) and inferior (esophageal) according to Paradowski et al. ⋯ The basic principle of dysphagia rehabilitation is that the most effective way to regain efficiency is the regeneration on remains of lost function. Carrying out imperfect swallowing acts is probably the best way of increasing effectiveness and efficiency of swallowing. On the other hand imperfect swallowing acts may be hazardous because of the danger of aspiration and inhalation pneumonia.