Otolaryngologia polska. The Polish otolaryngology
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The attempts of examination of the larynx since the 18th century made by many European doctors have been presented; namely, the mirror laryngoscopy by M. Garcia, L. ⋯ Czermak's diserts to development and propagation of laryngoscopy. The authoscopy by Kirstein, Pieniazek's lower tracheobronchoscopy and Killian's tracheobronchoscopy have been discussed.
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The case of 60 years old man with oncocytoma in parotid gland is reported. According to the available literature there is less than 200 cases reported.
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Biography Historical Article
[What do we know about Ludwig van Beethoven's deafness?].
The authors described some details from the life of Beethoven, emphasizing his problem linked with his progressive deafness. The etiology of the deafness is not known. The authors discussed their own hypothesis of "music language".