The Ochsner journal
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The Ochsner journal · Jan 2019
Case ReportsEndoscopic Retrieval vs Observation in Cylindrical Battery Ingestion.
Background: Battery ingestion, particularly in the pediatric population, has become more common since the development of button batteries. Consequently, formal recommendations regarding the management of this battery type have been developed. Larger cylindrical battery ingestion is less common, with fewer cases reported. ⋯ The second battery passed spontaneously via the rectum after administration of laxatives and supportive care. Conclusion: Our case and review of the literature demonstrate that nonsurgical, conservative management with close clinical monitoring is possible in a hospital setting after cylindrical battery ingestion. Cases with concerning clinical symptoms or a history of damage to the battery casing warrant endoscopic or surgical intervention.
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The Ochsner journal · Jan 2019
Case ReportsTreatment of a Child With Submassive Pulmonary Embolism Associated With Hereditary Spherocytosis Using Ultrasound-Assisted Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis.
Background: The clinical presentation of hereditary spherocytosis varies from no symptoms to severe hemolytic anemia requiring splenectomy. Splenectomy imposes the risk of hypercoagulability and acute pulmonary embolism. Catheter-directed thrombolysis is an established treatment for submassive pulmonary embolism in adults. ⋯ One year later, the patient was asymptomatic on enoxaparin. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that catheter-based treatment of submassive pulmonary embolism restores hemodynamic stability and thus is an alternative to surgery or systemic thrombolysis, even in the pediatric setting. While catheter-directed thrombolysis is a safe and effective alternative to systemic thrombolysis, further research is needed to establish appropriate dosing and indications in the adolescent population.
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Background: Carotid webs are luminal, shelf-like protrusions at the carotid bulb. Considered to be a variant of fibromuscular dysplasia, carotid webs have been observed principally in African American females. The association between carotid webs and recurrent ischemic strokes continues to be established as patients without traditional stroke risk factors are found to have carotid webs as the only possible cause of symptomatic deficits. ⋯ Follow-up digital subtraction angiography at 3 months showed obliteration of the right carotid artery web and satisfactory integration of the stent into the vessel wall. She was reassessed at 1 year and reported no neurologic symptoms. Conclusion: Although carotid webs are most commonly treated with endarterectomy, they may be amenable to stent therapy with favorable clinical outcomes as shown with this patient.
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The Ochsner journal · Jan 2019
Case ReportsLaminoplasty for Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation in Patients With Cervical Spondylosis and Fusion: A Technical Note.
Background: Epidural spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation is a commonly used strategy for treating refractory neuropathic pain, but the literature on the technical aspects of cervical SCS surgery remains scarce. Degenerative cervical stenosis and prior fusion surgery are relatively frequent conditions in this population, and the optimal method for cervical lead placement among such patients has not been established. Decompressive laminectomy may be required for cervical SCS placement in the presence of spinal stenosis. ⋯ Case Series: We present a surgical technique for cervical SCS implantation and the cases of 3 patients with significant spinal stenosis and/or prior fusion. In these patients, the paddle lead placement was safely achieved using cervical laminoplasty techniques. Conclusion: In addition to stabilizing the epidural paddle lead, laminoplasty offers several potential advantages compared to decompression alone.
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The Ochsner journal · Jan 2019
ReviewSphenopalatine Ganglion Block and Radiofrequency Ablation: Technical Notes and Efficacy.
Background: Sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) blockade or lesioning can offer significant pain relief for cluster headaches (CHs) and a variety of other pain syndromes involving the head and face. Methods: We reviewed the literature on the efficacy of SPG block and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: The infrazygomatic technique can be used to directly access the SPG for injection of local anesthetic or lesioning using RFA. ⋯ SPG blockade efficacy is supported by randomized controlled studies but SPG RFA is not. Conclusion: Targeting the SPG is a promising treatment option for refractory CHs. RFA and neuromodulation have the potential to offer long-term significant pain relief, but more randomized studies are needed to demonstrate their efficacy.