Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
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In the US Army, soldiers' nutrition behaviors have a direct impact on their performance. The emphasis in basic combat training is on "soldierization" (transforming a civilian into a soldier), and drill sergeants are instrumental in this process. Limited information about how drill sergeants use their influence to have an impact on nutrition behaviors of new soldiers is available. ⋯ Drill sergeants are key individuals in the process by which new recruits develop a soldier identity. Additional resources are necessary to help drill sergeants emphasize nutrition and health during basic combat training and help them guide soldiers toward adopting healthy eating as part of their soldier identity to improve weight management, health, and performance.
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Local food environments include food stores (eg, supermarkets, grocery stores, bakeries) and restaurants. However, the extent to which other storefront businesses offer food/drink is not well described, nor is the extent to which food/drink availability through a full range of storefront businesses might change over time. ⋯ Over 5 years, an urban food environment changed substantially, even by lenient standards, particularly among "other storefront businesses" and in the direction of markedly greater food availability (more businesses offering food on more streets). Failure to consider a full range of food/drink sources and change in food/drink sources could result in erroneous food-environment conclusions.
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Although the purpose of federal dietary guidance is to improve eating habits, few studies have described awareness of guidance and concurrent diet quality. ⋯ Recognition of federal dietary guidance icons was associated with higher diet quality recently, but the cross-sectional nature of the data precludes conclusions of causality. Further research is needed to identify barriers and promoters for translating awareness of the federal dietary guidance icons into healthful food purchasing and food consumption decisions.
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Several studies have suggested that malnutrition impedes functional recovery in patients with hip fracture, but there are few reports on improvement in nutritional status and return to activities of daily living (ADL) in these patients. ⋯ In older patients with hip fracture and malnutrition, improvement in nutritional status was independently associated with improved performance of ADL during inpatient rehabilitation. Weight loss may be an important nutritional indicator for these patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Modified Version of Baby-Led Weaning Does Not Result in Lower Zinc Intake or Status in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Little is known about zinc intakes and status during complementary feeding. This is particularly true for baby-led approaches, which encourage infants to feed themselves from the start of complementary feeding, although self-feeding may restrict the intake of zinc-rich foods. ⋯ BLISS infants achieved similar zinc intake and status to Control infants. However, the BLISS intervention was modified to increase iron intake, which may have improved zinc intake, so these results should not be generalized to infants following unmodified BLW.