Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
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Comparative Study
The Fast-Casual Conundrum: Fast-Casual Restaurant Entrées Are Higher in Calories than Fast Food.
Frequently eating fast food has been associated with consuming a diet high in calories, and there is a public perception that fast-casual restaurants (eg, Chipotle) are healthier than traditional fast food (eg, McDonald's). However, research has not examined whether fast-food entrées and fast-casual entrées differ in calorie content. ⋯ Although fast-casual entrées contained more calories than fast-food entrées in the study sample, future studies should compare actual purchasing patterns from these restaurants to determine whether the energy content or nutrient density of full meals (ie, entrées with sides and drinks) differs between fast-casual restaurants and fast-food restaurants. Calorie-conscious consumers should consider the calorie content of entrée items before purchase, regardless of restaurant type.
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The etiology of eating concerns is multifactorial, and exposure to media messages is considered to be a contributor. Although traditional media, such as television and magazines, have been examined extensively in relation to eating concerns risk, the influence of social media has received relatively less attention. ⋯ The results from this study indicate a strong and consistent association between social media use and eating concerns in a nationally representative sample of young adults aged 19 to 32 years. This association was apparent whether social media use was measured as volume or frequency. Further research should assess the temporality of these associations. It would also be useful to examine more closely the influence of specific characteristics of social media use, including content-related and contextual features.
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Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among children and adolescents is a determinant of childhood obesity. Many programs to reduce consumption across the socioecological model report significant positive results; however, the generalizability of the results, including whether reporting differences exist among socioecological strategy levels, is unknown. This systematic review aimed to examine the extent to which studies reported internal and external validity indicators defined by the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) model and assess reporting differences by socioecological level: Intrapersonal/interpersonal (Level 1), environmental/policy (Level 2), and multilevel (Combined Level). ⋯ Adoption, implementation, and maintenance reporting did not vary among levels. Interventions to reduce SSB consumption in children and adolescents across the socioecological spectrum do not provide the necessary information for dissemination and implementation in community nutrition settings. Future interventions should address both internal and external validity to maximize population influence.
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Observational Study
Nutrition Screening in Geriatric Rehabilitation: Criterion (Concurrent and Predictive) Validity of the Malnutrition Screening Tool and the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form.
Nutrition screening is required for early identification and treatment of patients at risk for malnutrition so that clinical outcomes can be improved and health care costs reduced. ⋯ The MST showed good concurrent validity and can be considered an appropriate nutrition screening tool in geriatric rehabilitation. The MNA-SF may overestimate the risk of malnutrition in this population. The predictive validity could not be established for either screening tool.
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Accurate identification and management of malnutrition is essential so that patient outcomes can be improved and resources used efficaciously. ⋯ Malnutrition prevalence in the geriatric rural rehabilitation population is high, and is associated with increased health and aged care use. The Scored PG-SGA ratings and score are suitable for nutrition assessment in geriatric rehabilitation. The MNA may be suitable for nutrition assessment in geriatric rehabilitation, but care should be taken to ensure all malnourished patients are identified. Additional examination of the criterion validity of the Scored PG-SGA and MNA will lend confidence to these findings.