Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jun 2022
Meta AnalysisObjectively Assessed Cardiorespiratory Fitness and All-Cause Mortality Risk: An Updated Meta-analysis of 37 Cohort Studies Involving 2,258,029 Participants.
To detail the magnitude and specificity of the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and all-cause mortality risk. ⋯ Aggregate analysis of observational cohort studies confirms a strong inverse and independent association between CRF and all-cause mortality risk. The results suggest that guideline bodies should consider the inclusion of CRF in standard risk panels for mortality risk assessment.
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Aging represents the single greatest risk factor for chronic diseases, including osteoporosis, a skeletal fragility syndrome that increases fracture risk. Optimizing bone strength throughout life reduces fracture risk. Factors critical for bone strength include nutrition, physical activity, and vitamin D status, whereas unhealthy lifestyles, illnesses, and certain medications (eg, glucocorticoids) are detrimental. ⋯ Aging exacerbates bone loss in both sexes and results in imbalanced bone resorption relative to formation; it is associated with increased marrow adiposity, osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis, and accumulation of senescent cells. The mechanisms underlying skeletal aging are as diverse as the factors that determine the strength (and thus fragility) of bone. This review updates our current understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of osteoporosis and provides an overview of the underlying hallmark mechanisms that drive skeletal aging.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jun 2022
Shift Work, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Heart Failure: A Prospective Study of the UK Biobank.
To quantify the association of combined shift work and genetic factors with the incidence of heart failure (HF). ⋯ Shift work, particularly permanent night shift work, may increase the risk of HF in females, especially in those with high genetic risk.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jun 2022
Right Ventricular Enlargement and Dysfunction Are Associated With Increased All-Cause Mortality in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
To assess whether right ventricular enlargement (RVE) and right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) adversely affect prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). ⋯ Although perturbations in RV size and function were observed in fewer than 5% of patients with HCM, they were associated with nearly two-fold higher all-cause mortality at long-term follow-up.