Nihon Kyōbu Shikkan Gakkai zasshi
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Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi · Sep 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Effects of aerosol oxitropium bromide and fenoterol on maximal exercise capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their correlation with air flow during exercise and with parameters of maximal exercise].
To examine the effects of bronchodilators on maximal exercise capacity and their correlation with airflow during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we conducted a double-blind, randomized comparison between inhaled fenoterol (beta 2-agonist) and oxitropium bromide (anticholinergic agent) in 8 patients with stable COPD (mean age 73 years, mean FEV1 1.1 L, mean FEV1% 50%). Only oxitropium bromide resulted in statistically significant improvement in FEV1 40 min after inhalation. On maximal exercise, fenoterol did not affect oxygen uptake (VO2 max), minute ventilation (VEmax), respiratory frequency (Rfmax), ventilatory efficacy (VEmax/VO2 max), peak expiratory flow during exercise (PEFmax), heart rate (HRmax) and dyspnea (Borg Scale Slope). ⋯ There was no correlation between changes in dyspnea during exercise and changes in FEV1 and PEFmax after oxitropium bromide inhalation. We conclude that inhaled oxitropium bromide, an anticholinergic agent, reduces dyspnea during exercise in patients with COPD. This favorable effect was not due to change of airflow limitation during exercise, and other factors can thus influence reduction of dyspnea during exercise in these patients.
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Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi · Dec 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[High-dose inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate and maximal improvements in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
High doses of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) are effective in some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, dose-response data for this agent are limited. To determine whether patients receive maximum benefit from 1600 micrograms of BDP, we performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. ⋯ In addition to end-point spirometric assessments daily peak expiratory flow rate, symptom scores, and scores on a chronic respiratory disease questionnaire were recorded for the last week of each 3-week period. Oral prednisolone did not improve FEV1, FVC, symptoms or scores on the questionnaire. We conclude that 1600 micrograms of BDP in addition to inhaled bronchodilators produces maximal improvements in stable patients with COPD.
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Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi · Nov 1997
Review Case Reports[A clinical study of 5 cases of acute eosinophilic pneumonia--the relationship between beginning to smoke and acute eosinophilic pneumonia].
We encountered 5 cases of acute eosinophilic pneumonia. All cases were young men who had recently begun smoking, and they showed an acute onset hypoxemia, diffuse shadows on chest X-ray, an elevation of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid, and rapid recovery. One of the 5 cases showed a re-elevation of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid after a smoking challenge test. It appears that one of the causes of acute eosinophilic pneumonia is beginning to smoke.
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Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi · Mar 1992
Review Case Reports[A case of idiopathic aneurysm of the inferior vena cava].
Congenital aneurysms of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are very rare, and to our knowledge, only 4 cases have been previously reported. We describe the fifth case of fusiform aneurysm and briefly review the literature. ⋯ CT, MRI, and DSA examinations revealed an aneurysmal dilatation of the IVC measuring 51x50x38 mm inferior to the right atrium, and the diagnosis of fusiform aneurysm of the IVC was made. The newer imaging techniques of CT, MRI, and DSA have facilitated the diagnosis of this abnormality.
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Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi · Sep 1992
Review Case Reports[Two probable cases of adult Williams-Campbell syndrome--advocation of Williams-Campbell-type bronchiectasis].
Williams-Campbell syndrome is a unique type of bronchiectasis which shows ballooning during expiration and collapse during inspiration. Its etiology is thought to be a congenital decrease in bronchial cartilage. ⋯ Cases of Williams-Campbell syndrome reported in Japan show characteristic bronchography, but a decrease in bronchial cartilage may or may not be present and its congenital nature is very difficult to demonstrate. We therefore advocate referring to such cases of bronchiectasis with these bronchographic characteristics Williams-Campbell-type bronchiectasis, even if a decrease in bronchial cartilage is not observed.