Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
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The Greek word aorta means lifter. The vessel was so termed because Aristotle, who first described it, assumed that the heart was lifted by/hanging in aorta. Leonardo da Vinci described the detailed anatomy of aorta. ⋯ In 1955 he suffered rupture and died after having refused operation. In 1951 the first successful operation for abdominal aortic aneurysm was performed in Paris by Charles Dubost. With slight modifications, the same operative technique is used today.
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Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Dec 1998
Review[Visual hallucinations in ophthalmological and neurological diseases].
Visual hallucination can be defined as visual sensory perception without external stimulation, or something that a patient sees that other observers in the same environment do not see. The images may be unformed (lights, streaks, flashes) or formed (objects, people, scenes). ⋯ Content, duration and timing of visual hallucinations relate to their cause and provide useful clinical information. This paper reviews the topical, pathophysiological and clinical aspects of visual hallucinations.
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The main risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy and after delivery are preeclampsia, operative delivery, adiposity, prolonged bed rest, and haemostatic defects (antithrombin, protein C and protein S deficiencies), activated protein C resistance, lupus anticoagulant/antiphospholipid antibodies. Hyperhomocystinaemia is a general risk factor for deep vein thrombosis. The clinical diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis is difficult and must be confirmed by imaging techniques. ⋯ Anticoagulant treatment is prolonged for 6-12 weeks after delivery, usually with warfarin. During pregnancies associated with high risk of thrombosis, low molecular heparin prophylaxis is given during pregnancy and 6-12 weeks after delivery. Thrombosis in pregnancy must be followed by adequate investigation for an underlying thrombotic predisposition.
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Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Oct 1998
Review[Emotional and cognitive disorders in Parkinson disease].
The majority of patients with Parkinson's disease develop psychiatric symptoms. 40% of the patients suffer from symptoms of depression, severely affecting daily functioning, motor symptoms, cognition, and quality of life for both the patients and their spouses. Antidepressants may alleviate the depressive symptoms, but treatment is complicated by complex pharmacodynamic interactions. Hallucinations, with or without delusions, occur in 15-20% of patients, and are usually caused by dopaminergic treatment. ⋯ Dementia increases with the age at onset and the duration of Parkinson's disease. Subcortical dementia is the most commonly observed syndrome, but symptoms of cortical dementia are also observed. No treatment is available, although cholinergic agents may prove useful.