Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[The chemical and trace element composition of water sources in the Orenburg Region].
The chemical composition of drinking water was studied by some indices: total mineralization, oxidability, harshness by different regional economic areas of an angoindustrial region. The content of trace elements, imbalance of which had been found by earlier studies, was determined. Higher water mineralization was ascertained in the central area, higher water harshness and oxidability were in the eastern area. The areas under study showed the inhomogeneous content of trace elements.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Assessment of the contribution of environmental factors to the formation of the demographic situation at the regional level].
The most informative priority environmental, social, and economic factors reflecting with the highest significance demographic processes in the urbanized and rural areas have been substantiated from the results of analyzing the data of the Regional Information Fund of sociohygienic monitoring by multivariate (correlation, factor, and regression) analysis methods. Models were obtained, which were used to define quantitative correlations between the demographic indices and the environmental-socioeconomic ones and to identify priority criteria for urbanized and rural areas while predicting their development and taking a managerial decision.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of natural gas industrial projects].
The paper reviews the problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of industrial projects, including those of natural gas industry, and analyzes discrepancies in the normative-legal base. The historical aspects and results of substantiating the safe sizes of control areas for the projects of the Orenburg oil-gas condensate field are presented.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Methodology for integrated assessment of anthropogenic and socioeconomic factors in the formation of a human health risk].
In the context of modern preventive medicine and a diversity of criteria for assessing the health status and the quality of the environment, the author has used an algorithm of comprehensive studies, which includes a differential analysis of the quality of the environment, by identifying xenobiotics in the atmosphere, soil, drinking water, and foodstuffs, then by ranging environmental factors in each specific region, by making a pooled assessment of a risk, by calculating the integral indices of public and community health, and by taking into account the socioeconomic situation in an area. Six priority indices of the 35 environmental ones, as well as 8 socioeconomic conditions that are most closely related with demographic parameters (r > 0.9) have been identified from the summarized environmental and socioeconomic conditions in the urbanized areas. Four ecological indices and 11 socioeconomic conditions have been identified in the rural areas.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Regional features of children's biological reactions to environmental factors].
The levels of trace elements in the biological substrates were comparatively analyzed in the children living in the towns of Aktobe, Orenburg, and Orsk. The values of blood metals were ascertained in the Aktobe children residing in the areas differently spaced from the town's industrial zone. Immunity was evaluated and the degree of immunodeficiency was established.