Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Human health risk upon air exposure to chemicals in enclosed spaces and residential areas of an industrial town].
The study determined priority chemicals in the ambient air and air of enclosed spaces of the town's administrative districts, by taking into account the formation of a community health risk. The industrial town's areas were ranked by the hazard of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects caused by the varying intraenvironmental distribution of substances. The distribution of pollutants in the study areas with varying anthropogenic exposures allows one to consider suspended matter, cadmium, nickel, and formaldehyde in the air of residential areas and formaldehyde, phenol, and suspended matter in the air of enclosed spaces as universal markers of exposure for dwelling environmental factors in the identification of toxicants and in the assessment of community health risk within the framework of sociohygienic monitoring and as indicators for the assessment of the immediate and final results of purpose-oriented departmental programs.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Comparative hygienic evaluation of the interenvironmental distribution of trace elements in the environment].
The paper presents the results of long-term monitoring of the content and interenvironmental distribution of the chemical elements Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn over 1993-2007 in the environmental objects. The studies were made in the urbanized and rural areas of the Orenburg and Orsk-Troitsk industrial centers. General regularities were found in the quantitative distribution and priority relationships of the elements in the drinking water, in the atmosphere of residential areas (snow cover), in soil, foodstuffs, and children's biomedia.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Malignancy monitoring in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region].
The paper gives the results of a retrospective epidemiological survey for malignances in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region in 1995 to 2007. The average long-term morbidity rates were determined by the main (central, western, eastern) areas of the region; the areas were ranked by the malignancy morbidity rates among the pediatric population as a whole and by nosological entities. The authors provide the structural characteristics of cancer in the Orenburg Region as compared with the general Russian data.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[The functional status of the autonomic nervous system in schoolchildren and gymnasia pupils upon complex exposure to schooling and environmental factors].
The paper gives the data of a study evaluating the autonomic nervous system in 645 gymnasia and school pupils exposed to different anthropogenic loads of K(total) 25.81 and 22.74 units and to the complex influence of intraschooling environmental factors of a gymnasia and a school. The studies have established that multicomponent influence of poor factors of the educational space and the environment is much more responsible for the functional status of the autonomic nervous system of gymnasia pupils than that of schoolchildren, which leads to disorganization of intra- and intersystemic effector interactions and appears as excess autonomic provision.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
[Hygienic evaluation of soil pollution in a South Ural agroindustrial region].
The results of soil monitoring the Orenburg Region (from 2003 to 2007) were comparatively analyzed. The structure of soil pollution with gross (vanadium, lead, nickel, chromium, cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, tin, titanium, boron, molybdenum) and mobile (cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel) compounds was revealed. The Orenburg Region's soils experience an anthropogenic load, as evidenced by a two-fold soil clarke excess as described by A. ⋯ The highest soil pollution has been established in the eastern region that is most industrially developed. The presumable associations with possible pollution sources are outlined. Correlation analysis has revealed the inter-environmental distribution of trace elements in foodstuffs and the population's biological media.