Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Malignancy monitoring in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region].
The paper gives the results of a retrospective epidemiological survey for malignances in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region in 1995 to 2007. The average long-term morbidity rates were determined by the main (central, western, eastern) areas of the region; the areas were ranked by the malignancy morbidity rates among the pediatric population as a whole and by nosological entities. The authors provide the structural characteristics of cancer in the Orenburg Region as compared with the general Russian data.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Use of a methodology to assess a risk at the stage of substantiating the choice of a ground area for placing industrial enterprises].
Human health risk was screened at the stage of supporting the choice of a building site for a petroleum refinery. Based on the calculated exposure levels, the risk to the Buguruslan population was characterized under different conditions: without consideration for the impact of the projected enterprise; with consideration for the pollutants contained in the emissions of the projected enterprise; at the border of an apartment block and at that of an estimated control area in five receptor points. The assessment of a human risk has revealed that the industrial enterprise cannot be sited on this territory and the estimated control area is inadequate due to the high carcinogenic and toxic risk from the formed emission of the projected enterprise.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Current approaches to making an integral prenosological assessment of the health status of children and adolescents].
The development of methods for evaluating the body's condition upon exposure to different environmental factors is currently a topical problem of hygienic science. The quantitative characteristics of the body's adaptive and reserve capacities are gaining in more and more importance. In this connection, a total of 2560 children aged 8-10 years were examined. An integral assessment enables identification of 4 types of adaptive and functional capacities in children.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Assessment of the contribution of environmental factors to the formation of the demographic situation at the regional level].
The most informative priority environmental, social, and economic factors reflecting with the highest significance demographic processes in the urbanized and rural areas have been substantiated from the results of analyzing the data of the Regional Information Fund of sociohygienic monitoring by multivariate (correlation, factor, and regression) analysis methods. Models were obtained, which were used to define quantitative correlations between the demographic indices and the environmental-socioeconomic ones and to identify priority criteria for urbanized and rural areas while predicting their development and taking a managerial decision.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[The chemical and trace element composition of water sources in the Orenburg Region].
The chemical composition of drinking water was studied by some indices: total mineralization, oxidability, harshness by different regional economic areas of an angoindustrial region. The content of trace elements, imbalance of which had been found by earlier studies, was determined. Higher water mineralization was ascertained in the central area, higher water harshness and oxidability were in the eastern area. The areas under study showed the inhomogeneous content of trace elements.