Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of natural gas industrial projects].
The paper reviews the problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of industrial projects, including those of natural gas industry, and analyzes discrepancies in the normative-legal base. The historical aspects and results of substantiating the safe sizes of control areas for the projects of the Orenburg oil-gas condensate field are presented.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Methodology for integrated assessment of anthropogenic and socioeconomic factors in the formation of a human health risk].
In the context of modern preventive medicine and a diversity of criteria for assessing the health status and the quality of the environment, the author has used an algorithm of comprehensive studies, which includes a differential analysis of the quality of the environment, by identifying xenobiotics in the atmosphere, soil, drinking water, and foodstuffs, then by ranging environmental factors in each specific region, by making a pooled assessment of a risk, by calculating the integral indices of public and community health, and by taking into account the socioeconomic situation in an area. Six priority indices of the 35 environmental ones, as well as 8 socioeconomic conditions that are most closely related with demographic parameters (r > 0.9) have been identified from the summarized environmental and socioeconomic conditions in the urbanized areas. Four ecological indices and 11 socioeconomic conditions have been identified in the rural areas.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Regional features of children's biological reactions to environmental factors].
The levels of trace elements in the biological substrates were comparatively analyzed in the children living in the towns of Aktobe, Orenburg, and Orsk. The values of blood metals were ascertained in the Aktobe children residing in the areas differently spaced from the town's industrial zone. Immunity was evaluated and the degree of immunodeficiency was established.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Current approaches to making an integral prenosological assessment of the health status of children and adolescents].
The development of methods for evaluating the body's condition upon exposure to different environmental factors is currently a topical problem of hygienic science. The quantitative characteristics of the body's adaptive and reserve capacities are gaining in more and more importance. In this connection, a total of 2560 children aged 8-10 years were examined. An integral assessment enables identification of 4 types of adaptive and functional capacities in children.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Influence of environmental factors on the pediatric population in the urbanized and rural areas of the Orenburg Region].
The paper gives the data of studies establishing the regularities of formation of the composition, levels, and space-time features of pollution of ambient air, soil, and drinking water in the risk of their influence of the health status of the children residing in the urbanized and rural areas. The studies have ascertained that the magnitude of a complex anthropogenic load of the environment on the pediatric population living in the urbanized area is 4.9 times higher than that in the rural area. ⋯ The urbanized area has been found to be most unfavorable as to the risk of development of non-carcinogenic effects with the calculated hazard indices being kept in mind. The same trend is shown for the calculated population risk indices.