Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Methodology for integrated assessment of anthropogenic and socioeconomic factors in the formation of a human health risk].
In the context of modern preventive medicine and a diversity of criteria for assessing the health status and the quality of the environment, the author has used an algorithm of comprehensive studies, which includes a differential analysis of the quality of the environment, by identifying xenobiotics in the atmosphere, soil, drinking water, and foodstuffs, then by ranging environmental factors in each specific region, by making a pooled assessment of a risk, by calculating the integral indices of public and community health, and by taking into account the socioeconomic situation in an area. Six priority indices of the 35 environmental ones, as well as 8 socioeconomic conditions that are most closely related with demographic parameters (r > 0.9) have been identified from the summarized environmental and socioeconomic conditions in the urbanized areas. Four ecological indices and 11 socioeconomic conditions have been identified in the rural areas.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[The structure of an aerogenic load and risk to human health in an industrial town's residential area].
Chemical air pollution of the residential and industrial areas of a town was evaluated. There was a significant relationship of the average daily actuating concentrations of priority substances to the air pollution of the study areas, the average annual concentrations of ambient air pollutants to their seasonal values. The structure of the risk to community health and the contribution of the industrial environment to the formation of a health risk were ascertained.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Human health risk upon air exposure to chemicals in enclosed spaces and residential areas of an industrial town].
The study determined priority chemicals in the ambient air and air of enclosed spaces of the town's administrative districts, by taking into account the formation of a community health risk. The industrial town's areas were ranked by the hazard of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects caused by the varying intraenvironmental distribution of substances. The distribution of pollutants in the study areas with varying anthropogenic exposures allows one to consider suspended matter, cadmium, nickel, and formaldehyde in the air of residential areas and formaldehyde, phenol, and suspended matter in the air of enclosed spaces as universal markers of exposure for dwelling environmental factors in the identification of toxicants and in the assessment of community health risk within the framework of sociohygienic monitoring and as indicators for the assessment of the immediate and final results of purpose-oriented departmental programs.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Regional features of children's biological reactions to environmental factors].
The levels of trace elements in the biological substrates were comparatively analyzed in the children living in the towns of Aktobe, Orenburg, and Orsk. The values of blood metals were ascertained in the Aktobe children residing in the areas differently spaced from the town's industrial zone. Immunity was evaluated and the degree of immunodeficiency was established.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Comparative hygienic evaluation of the interenvironmental distribution of trace elements in the environment].
The paper presents the results of long-term monitoring of the content and interenvironmental distribution of the chemical elements Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn over 1993-2007 in the environmental objects. The studies were made in the urbanized and rural areas of the Orenburg and Orsk-Troitsk industrial centers. General regularities were found in the quantitative distribution and priority relationships of the elements in the drinking water, in the atmosphere of residential areas (snow cover), in soil, foodstuffs, and children's biomedia.