Gigiena i sanitariia
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Influence of environmental factors on the pediatric population in the urbanized and rural areas of the Orenburg Region].
The paper gives the data of studies establishing the regularities of formation of the composition, levels, and space-time features of pollution of ambient air, soil, and drinking water in the risk of their influence of the health status of the children residing in the urbanized and rural areas. The studies have ascertained that the magnitude of a complex anthropogenic load of the environment on the pediatric population living in the urbanized area is 4.9 times higher than that in the rural area. ⋯ The urbanized area has been found to be most unfavorable as to the risk of development of non-carcinogenic effects with the calculated hazard indices being kept in mind. The same trend is shown for the calculated population risk indices.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[The functional status of the autonomic nervous system in schoolchildren and gymnasia pupils upon complex exposure to schooling and environmental factors].
The paper gives the data of a study evaluating the autonomic nervous system in 645 gymnasia and school pupils exposed to different anthropogenic loads of K(total) 25.81 and 22.74 units and to the complex influence of intraschooling environmental factors of a gymnasia and a school. The studies have established that multicomponent influence of poor factors of the educational space and the environment is much more responsible for the functional status of the autonomic nervous system of gymnasia pupils than that of schoolchildren, which leads to disorganization of intra- and intersystemic effector interactions and appears as excess autonomic provision.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
[Hygienic evaluation of soil pollution in a South Ural agroindustrial region].
The results of soil monitoring the Orenburg Region (from 2003 to 2007) were comparatively analyzed. The structure of soil pollution with gross (vanadium, lead, nickel, chromium, cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, tin, titanium, boron, molybdenum) and mobile (cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel) compounds was revealed. The Orenburg Region's soils experience an anthropogenic load, as evidenced by a two-fold soil clarke excess as described by A. ⋯ The highest soil pollution has been established in the eastern region that is most industrially developed. The presumable associations with possible pollution sources are outlined. Correlation analysis has revealed the inter-environmental distribution of trace elements in foodstuffs and the population's biological media.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
[Assessment of human health risk upon acute inhalational exposure to chemical substances].
To provide the safety of the population and environment with the occurrence of man-caused catastrophes due their increase is now an urgent problem. Toxic hazard coefficients were calculated for hydrogen sulfide in the settlements located in a possible chemical pollution area in the Orenburg gas-chemical complex. Assessment of the hazard of toxic effects to the population upon exposure to hydrogen sulfide has indicated that there may be toxic effects in the inhabitants of the study nearby inhabited localities. The findings do not characterize the possible severity of intoxication so it is necessary to develop a system of criteria for the differentiation of the severity of negative effects in order to evaluate the hazard of acute chemical exposures.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[The content of toxic trace elements in the conjugate media].
The purpose of this study was to make a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the content of toxic trace element (Pb, Co, Ni, Cd, Ni, Cd, Sr, and Cr) in the deposited media (snow cover, soil) and drinking water and to define the relationship of the levels of elements in the snow-soil and soil-water systems. The analysis was made in the economic (eastern, western, and central) areas of the region. The higher levels of metals were recorded in the snow cover and soil of the eastern area, which was caused by a high man-made load. ⋯ The average level of trace elements in the drinking water was not greater than the maximum permissible concentration in the whole region. The summary pollution index in the drinking water was higher in the western area. It should be noted that the western area showed the largest number of direct correlations with the content of elements in the soil-water system: Pb (r = 0.99), Co (r = 0.84), Ni (r = 0.38).