Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[A role of the sociohygienic monitoring system in the maintenance and promotion of the population's health (in case of the Sverdlovsk Region)].
The paper summarizes the results of implementation of the sociohygienic monitoring system in the Sverdlovsk Region, the stages of the populational and individual diagnosis, by using a risk-assessing methodology and current environmental and epidemiological studies. Sociohygienic monitoring allowed the priorities to be determined in health maintenance and promotion in the population of this region. The accumulated experience illustrated by some examples that have been earlier published in detail supports the need for a relationship of the above guidelines within the sociohygienic monitoring system, for the development of mechanisms responsible for risk management and further improvement of surveillance of the sanitary and epidemiological situation.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Analysis of time series to establish the relationship of respiratory symptomatology in children to ambient air pollution fluctuations].
Eighty-five junior schoolchildren from Nizhni Tagil were examined on the basis of daily recording of respiratory and allergic symptoms by parents and continuous monitoring of ambient air pollution with suspended matter and irritating gases. Regression analysis of the findings has ascertained the adverse impact of even relatively small daily pollution peaks (generally not greater that the established mean maximum daily permissible concentrations) on acute upper and deep airway responses in junior and middle schoolchildren. The principal results of the study agree with those of the studies in the West, although the latter concerned the concentrations of dust particles that are higher and vary in wider ranges than in this study. It is recommended that this methodology be widely introduced into practice in order to establish correlations between ambient air pollution and children's impaired health.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Rehabilitation of the population living in poor environmental areas in the Sverdlovsk Region].
Medical rehabilitation of the population living in poor environmental areas has been realized since 1999 and is the basis for environmental safety policy in the Sverdlovsk Region, along with the prevention and reduction of environmental pollution, the rational use, conservation, and replenishment of natural complexes. Medical rehabilitation activities for the population's health are aimed at managing the risks associated with human environmental factors, managing address medical prophylactic services, individual behavioral factors, habits, and awareness of the population. Interaction of the participants of the medical rehabilitation system provides for tackling the set health promotion tasks in the Sverdlovsk Region.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Development of hygienic bases for air protection in the areas of industrial enterprises: results and prospects].
The paper presents the results of developments of the scientific principles in ambient air protection in Russia and outlines the prospects of their further development. The problems associated with ambient air hygiene can be solved when public and privately owned enterprises take an active part and financially support.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2007
[The situation and preventive measures against the spread of avian influenza on the territory of the country].
The Russian Federation, as the whole world community, is anxious about the established situation associated with the prevalence of avian influenza and a threat of its pandemic. Today avian influenza is a complex, i.e. medical, veterinary, social, and economic, problem. Since December 2003, the world has notified an avian influenza panepizootic that has covered 54 countries to date. ⋯ Three inactivated emulsified veterinary vaccines against avian influenza have been currently designed. The calculated size of poultry to be vaccinated is 74.6 million. Double vaccination requires that 150 million doses of the agent be manufactured.