Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2007
[Hygienic assessment of working conditions and functional resistance in electric power station workers].
The exceeding maximum permissible levels, the parameters of electromagnetic fields and radiations, an electrostatic field, noise, and vibration are the leading adverse factors of the industrial environment for basic professional groups of Stavropol district electric power station workers. According to the degree of harmfulness and hazard, the working conditions are referred to as Class 3 ("hazardous") in 93.7% of the personnel. The significant tension of adaptive mechanisms is typical of most patients (76.3%). Based on the multivariate analysis of the results of a psychophysiological follow-up, the authors have developed a procedure for the integral evaluation of the functional state of the workers' organism, which may be used in the sociohygienic monitoring system in the electric power system of Russia.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2007
[Age-related changes in the physical development of Kabardin-Balkarian school-children living at various heights above sea level].
Four and eighty-one schoolchildren aged 7-17 years, living at a height of 2100 m above sea level, and 1677 schoolchildren of the same age, living at a height of 100-400 m above sea level, from the Kabardin-Balkarian Republic were examined by the list of morphological indices of physical development (PD), such as height (cm), body weight (kg), and chest circumference (cm). The results were rated by using the 5-score scale, by calculating the integral indicator of PD (low, moderate, and high). The schoolchildren living at high heights were ascertained to have high values. ⋯ The geographical differences in three parameters of PH between Kabardin-Balkarian schoolchildren were heterodirectional: the altitude children outrun the plain one in height during a short period of time (the boys outrun at the age of 10 to 13 years; the girls do at the age of 11 to 14 years). In terms of body weight, the children from the study groups either outrun, or lag each other, in the boys and girls, these variations being opposite in time. From the age of 10 years, the altitude children of both sexes surpass the plain ones in chest circumference.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2007
[Drinking water supply in the Russian Federation: problems and ways of their solution].
Russia having a fifth of the worldwide drinking water resources is faced with considerable difficulties in solving the problems associated with the safe and rational attitude towards water resources, in improving the technologies of drinking water purification and conditioning, in introducing new universal forms of supplying the population with high-quality portable water. Particular emphasis has been recently placed on the setting-up of an effective legal and normative base for the sanitary protection of water sources and the upgrading of the quality of drinking water. Regional (republican, territorial) drinking water supply programs have been worked out up to the period 2010 in 47 subjects of the Russian Federation, with the participation of sanitary-and-epidemiological surveillance systems and approved in accordance with the established procedures. ⋯ Under the established conditions, even in case of the favorable financial position, this cannot be achieved by only engineering decisions (construction and modernization of water-supply networks, use of new equipment and breakthrough technologies). Water service as a type of water consumption is based on the general principles of natural resource management. Its safety should be combined with the strategic objective of water resources utilization and conservation in the catchment basins in the country as a whole.