Advances in neurology
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Advances in neurology · Jan 2003
ReviewSomatosensory and motor disturbances in patients with parietal lobe lesions.
Lesion studies show that a wide range of integrative sensorimotor functions can be selectively disturbed in patients with parietal lobe damage. Lesions restricted to the somatosensory representations on the anterior parietal lobe produce somatosensory deficits that resemble deafferentated states, including the secondary effects on motor control. Slightly more posterior lesions often are associated with impairment of more complex synthetic somatosensory functions similar to those observed after dorsal column lesions. ⋯ Action observation activates premotor cortex, but parietal cortex is also recruited whenever an action involves objects, thus emphasizing the significance of parietal cortex for object-directed motor behavior. In contrast to the ventral-dorsal route processing dichotomy in the visual system, both the perceptual-cognitive and motor aspects of somatosensory processing are compromised after parietal damage, demonstrating a different functional architecture of the two sensory systems. The preservation of the comprehension of the meaning of gestures or of object use in patients with lesions restricted to the parietal lobe reveals that the semantic aspects of motor behavior are mediated in the temporal lobe.
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Advances in neurology · Jan 2003
Cognitive rehabilitation of memory following stroke. Theory, practice, and outcome.
Impaired memory is a common consequence of ischemic stroke. Cognitive rehabilitation of memory is an essential component of any comprehensive rehabilitation program for these patients. ⋯ Cognitive remediation using these methods has been shown to be an effective intervention to treat memory deficits. More well-controlled, randomized studies are needed to further investigate the efficacy of the various interventions available.