Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses
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Trauma has been perceived by the public as occurring as an isolated event, always resulting in favorable outcomes. There has therefore been a lack of discussion of futility of care and termination of care when dealing with the sick trauma patient. Several stages exist where issues of futility and early termination of care must be considered. ⋯ Next is in the emergency room, where heroic measures may not benefit the very sick patient. In the operating room, the surgeon must always reassess and recognize when massive resuscitation will not benefit a particular trauma patient. Lastly, the intensivist must recognize those patients who may or may not benefit from continued efforts to sustain life.
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The development of trauma systems in Australia has evolved over the last 18 to 20 years. Following a primarily North American model, nearly all the states and territories have identified and or implemented trauma system components to improve outcomes from injury. ⋯ As with most countries, multiple factors have influenced the development of trauma systems within each region. This study will provide an overview of the Australian Health System, initiatives implemented to reduce injury, the spectrum of trauma in Australia, and the current status of trauma systems development.