Arkhiv patologii
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Examination of 15 autopsies of puerperas who died in the first postpartum days has identified the pathomorphological and immunohistochemical signs differentiating labor sepsis from the other type - postpartum sepsis. Labor sepsis that runs typically of a systemic inflammatory reaction is characterized by initial antenatal inflammation of the fetal membranes and placenta with the latter's immunoimaging of granulocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and tumor necrosis factor. ⋯ The relative intact pattern of the uterine endo- and myometrium is retained with generalization of an inflammatory reaction along the organs. The pathologist who analyzes female pyoinflammatory diseases in the postpartum period should meticulously investigate all placental components in addition to a puerpera's organs.
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Forty autopsy cases died from A/H1N1 influenza in Moscow, the Moscow Region, and Chita were analyzed. Major changes were found to develop in the trachea and lung. ⋯ In addition, the signs of viremia-associated infectious-toxic shock, as suggested by pronounced changes in the brain, kidneys, liver, spleen, adrenals, and lymph nodes were revealed. Bacterial bronchopneumonia was detected only in 20% of cases.
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According to the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development, Professor O. D. Mishnev is appointed principal pathologist of the Ministry. ⋯ It is necessary to set up a federal organizational-and-methodical center for postmortem studies under the Ministry of Health and Social Development. The chief results of the activities of postmortem services of Russia and federal districts over 6 years (2000-2005) are presented. The shortcomings and trends of postmortem services of the country are outlined.
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Biography Historical Article
[Natalia Mikhailovna Khmelnitskaya (on the occasion of the 70h birth anniversary)].
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Cancer incidence statistics in the Russian Federation and the evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that the priority in primary prevention of cancer should be given to smoking control. Discontinuation of smoking may prevent in Russia annually about 80,000 cases of cancer, or about 25% of all newly diagnosed cases of cancer in 1989 (excluding skin squamous and basal cell carcinoma). ⋯ The elimination of occupational carcinogens or a decrease in exposure to them would result in an important decrease in the incidence of certain cancers in highly industrialized areas. A decrease in the exposure to carcinogens in ambient air and the protection from exposure to ionizing radiation are of some, although limited, importance in cancer prevention.