Arkhiv patologii
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Erythroderma is a skin lesion characterized by redness, swelling, infiltration, and desquamation of greater than 90% of the skin. The etiology of erythroderma is not completely clear and the lesion can be manifestations of various chronic dermatoses, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, and toxicodermia, and be represented by erythrodermic mycosis fungoides. ⋯ Thus, one disease (erythroderma) can be a manifestation of different dermatoses and have similar clinical and histological signs. This paper gives a review of modern literature on the study of erythroderma in terms of morphology and genetic aspects.
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Heart involvement in sarcoidosis is diagnosed in vivo in 5-7%, at autopsy in 25% of cases as a manifestation of a systemic process and an isolated one. Difficulties in the diagnosis of isolated sarcoidosis are due to the absence of known causes of the disease and to the lack of specificity of clinical manifestations. ⋯ Routine techniques (ECG, EchoCG, daily ECG monitoring) and imaging of the structures of the heart and its function evaluation (MRI, PET, and scintigraphy) are used in diagnosis. A set of clinical, instrumental, and histological data obtained at endomyocardial biopsy may suggest isolated cardiac sarcoidosis with the exception of other diseases.
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The paper describes 4 autopsy cases of myocarditis in elderly patients with confirmed coronavirus infection. It gives the data of a morphological study of heart specimens and a detailed characterization of a myocardial infiltrate. ⋯ The fact that lymphocytic viral myocarditis can develop in COVID-19 was morphologically and immunohistochemically confirmed. The features of myocarditis in COVID-19 are the development of the former in the presence of coronaritis and the possibility of its concurrence with lymphocytic endo- and pericarditis.
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To date, descriptive results of a clinical and morphological study of novel coronavirus COVID-19 infection, mainly of the lungs, have appeared. However, in other organs, primarily in the cardiovascular system, there are substantial structural changes that lead to multiple organ dysfunction and contribute to death.
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The hemodynamic concept of TD pathogenesis and morphogenesis is based on the vascular response initiated by neuroendocrine mechanisms. Their effect in grave wounds is potentiated by blood loss, shock, endotoxicosis as well as inadequate therapy. ⋯ Periodization of TD is suggested that takes into account its cyclicity and specificity of time distribution of therapeutic and diagnostic actions. Cerebral, pulmonary, renal, cardiac, gastro-intestinal and mixed forms of TD are distinguished.