The Surgical clinics of North America
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This review investigates the available literature that addresses the impact simulator training has on patient outcomes. The authors conducted a comprehensive literature search of studies reporting outcomes of simulation training and categorized studies based on the Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation. Kirkpatrick level 4 studies reporting patient outcomes were identified and included in this review. Existing evidence is promising, demonstrating patient benefits as a result of simulation training for central line placement, obstetric emergencies, cataract surgery, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, and team training.
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Surg. Clin. North Am. · Aug 2015
ReviewThe Evolving Role of Simulation in Teaching Surgery in Undergraduate Medical Education.
Simulation-based training (SBT) over the last 10 years has become a mainstay for surgical education at the graduate medical education (GME) level. More recently, however, the technique has rapidly become the standard for early efficient teaching of surgical skills and decision making at the undergraduate medical education (UME) level. The described benefits of SBT include its ability to compartmentalize education, to combine immediate assessment and feedback, and to accelerate knowledge and skill acquisition for the young learner. Consequently, SBT is now being adopted in multiple national medical student surgical educational initiatives.
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Maintenance of certification (MOC) is a process through which practitioners are able to show continuing competence in their areas of expertise. Simulation plays an increasingly important role in the assessment of students and residents, as well as in the initial practice certification for health care professionals. The use of simulation as an assessment tool in MOC has been sluggish to be universally accepted. This article discusses the role of simulation in health care education, how simulation might be effectively applied in the MOC process, and the future role of simulation in the MOC process.
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Simulation-based training (SBT) is a powerful educational tool permitting the acquisition of surgical knowledge, skills, and attitudes at both the individual- and team-based level in a safe, nonthreatening learning environment at no risk to a patient. Interprofessional education (IPE), in which participants from 2 or more health or social care professions learn interactively, can help improve patient care through the promotion of efficient coordination, dissemination of advances in care across specialties and professions, and optimization of individual- and team-based function. Nonetheless, conducting SBT IPE sessions poses several tactical and strategic challenges that must be effectively overcome to reap IPE's benefits.
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As members of the faculty, surgeons take on a variety of roles related to the use of simulation. Surgeons will continue to interact with simulation as learners given the emerging role of simulation in continuing medical education. ⋯ Leading a simulation effort requires vision, creativity in resource management, and team leadership skills. Surgeons can use simulation to innovate in surgical patient care and in surgical education.