Seminars in oncology
-
Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA report comparing the use of tropisetron (Navoban), a 5-HT3 antagonist, with a standard antiemetic regimen of dexamethasone and metoclopramide in cisplatin-treated patients under conditions of severe emesis.
This report of a double-blind, randomized study performed to evaluate the comparative antiemetic efficacy of tropisetron (Navoban; Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basel, Switzerland), a new 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist, focuses on treatment during stages of chemotherapy when nausea and vomiting are particularly severe. One hundred fifteen chemotherapy-naive patients with malignant disease were administered either tropisetron (n = 58) or a dexamethasone dose plus a metoclopramide dose (n = 57) during 5 days of two successive cycles of chemotherapy. Within the first 24 hours after receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy, 76% of patients in the tropisetron group remained free of vomiting (with 59% of patients free of nausea) compared with 39% of patients free of vomiting in the conventionally treated group (30% of patients free of nausea). ⋯ The difference in incidence of nausea and vomiting between the patient groups was statistically significant (P < .05). The efficacy of tropisetron was well maintained during the second consecutive chemotherapy cycle; during the first 24 hours, 72% and 62% of patients remained free of vomiting and nausea, respectively. Tropisetron appears to be a highly effective, well tolerated, and simple to use antiemetic agent for patients receiving chemotherapy.
-
Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialPrevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by tropisetron (Navoban) alone or in combination with other antiemetic agents.
We report an open, three-armed, multicenter study being carried out to assess the optimum treatment for acute and delayed emesis and nausea in patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Eighty-seven patients were randomized to receive tropisetron (Navoban; Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basel, Switzerland), tropisetron plus dexamethasone, or tropisetron plus metoclopramide during chemotherapy. Tropisetron in combination with dexamethasone produced the best control of both acute and delayed emesis. ⋯ In the tropisetron and tropisetron plus metoclopramide treatment groups, a decreased food intake was observed due to delayed nausea while the addition of dexamethasone prevented loss of appetite. The antiemetic treatments were similarly well tolerated. The most common adverse events were constipation (15%) and tiredness (7%).
-
Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialTropisetron (Navoban) alone and in combination with dexamethasone in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis: the Nordic experience.
Three Nordic multicenter studies were performed between 1988 and 1992 to evaluate the efficacy of tropisetron (Navoban; Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basel, Switzerland) as an antiemetic agent in patients undergoing various types of chemotherapy. More than 1,050 patients were recruited from cancer centers in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. In the first two studies, chemotherapy-naive patients were studied for 6-day periods over two consecutive treatment cycles. ⋯ The long-term effects of tropisetron therapy remained consistent over 10 consecutive courses of chemotherapy. Tropisetron was more effective during noncisplatin treatment compared with cisplatin treatment; it was also more effective in men and in older patients (> 50 years of age). The most frequent adverse events were headache (18%) and constipation (8%).
-
Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA three-arm trial of vinorelbine (Navelbine) plus cisplatin, vindesine plus cisplatin, and single-agent vinorelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: an expanded analysis.
Phase II studies have demonstrated that vinorelbine (Navelbine; Burroughs Wellcome Co, Research Triangle Park, NC; Pierre Fabre Médicament, Paris, France) alone or in combination with cisplatin has promising activity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). On the basis of these preliminary trials, a phase III study was designed to compare intravenous vinorelbine (30 mg/m2 weekly) plus cisplatin (120 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 29 and then every 6 weeks) with vindesine (3 mg/m2 weekly for 6 weeks and then every 2 weeks) plus cisplatin, and to evaluate whether the best of these regimens afforded a survival benefit compared with intravenous vinorelbine alone, an outpatient regimen. This report presents an expanded analysis of data from this previously published study. ⋯ The major difference in survival between the two cisplatin-containing regimens occurred in patients with metastatic (stage IV) NSCLC. The incidence of granulocytopenia was significantly higher in the vinorelbine plus cisplatin arm compared with the other two treatment groups, but neurotoxicity was significantly more frequent in the vindesine plus cisplatin group. The results of this study indicate that the combination of vinorelbine plus cisplatin is a viable treatment option for patients with NSCLC and may provide advantages compared with other commonly used regimens.
-
Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialPaclitaxel (Taxol)/doxorubicin combinations in advanced breast cancer: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience.
Paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ), the first taxane to enter routine clinical practice, has aroused considerable interest due to its novel mechanism of action and its significant activity in metastatic breast cancer. Given this activity, it seemed logical to attempt to combine paclitaxel with doxorubicin, the other most active single agent in metastatic breast cancer. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performed two trials investigating paclitaxel/doxorubicin combinations in patients with advanced breast cancer in an attempt to identify a tolerable dose and schedule of the combination. ⋯ This suggests that sequence of drug administration in paclitaxel-based regimens may play an important role as a determinant of toxicity and (perhaps) efficacy, a finding similar to that seen when paclitaxel and cisplatin were combined in patients with ovarian cancer. Based on this study, we identified the sequence of doxorubicin (50 mg/m2) followed by paclitaxel (150 mg/m2) to be the maximum tolerated dose. This combination is currently being compared with paclitaxel alone and doxorubicin alone in patients with advanced breast cancer in an intergroup trial led by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.