The British journal of ophthalmology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of pressure topical anaesthesia in punctal occlusion by diathermy.
To prospectively compare the efficacy and safety of pressure topical anaesthesia in punctal occlusion by using cautery in the treatment of dry eye syndrome (DES) with that of conventional treatment by using needle injection of anaesthetic agents. ⋯ Injection anaesthesia for punctal occlusion is more painful than pressure topical anaesthesia application. However, the pain experienced during diathermy application for punctal occlusion is similar between pressure anaesthetised eyes and injection anaesthetised eyes. Pressure topical anaesthesia is a less painful (in terms of anaesthesia application) but equally effective alternative to conventional injection anaesthesia when used for punctal occlusion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Oral premedication with low dose midazolam modifies the immunological stress reaction after the setting of retrobulbar anaesthesia.
An acute immunological stress reaction was previously reported to occur after the painful setting of retrobulbar anaesthesia before intraocular surgery. This study was conducted to find out whether an oral low dose premedication with midazolam would modify the immunological stress reaction. ⋯ A low dose premedication with midazolam attenuates the immunological and cardiovascular stress reactions occurring with retrobulbar anaesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Entonox as an analgesic agent during panretinal photocoagulation.
Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) reduces the risk of visual loss in proliferative diabetic retinopathy but some patients cannot tolerate PRP because of pain. Inhaled Entonox was evaluated as an analgesic during PRP. ⋯ Entonox can be used as a safe and effective analgesic agent during PRP treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Vitreoretinal surgery: pre-emptive analgesia.
Vitrectomies are performed either under general anesthesia (GA), local anesthesia (LA), or a combination of both. Postoperative pain is expected to be less in patients with LA because of prolonged action of the local anaesthetic. Pre-emptive analgesia is based on the idea that analgesia initiated before a nociceptive event will be more effective than analgesia commenced afterwards. The authors compared postoperative analgesia in patients with GA combined with preoperative or postoperative LA. ⋯ The authors conclude that LA alone or preoperatively in addition to GA provides the best comfort for the patient in vitreoretinal surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ramosetron compared with granisetron for the prevention of vomiting following strabismus surgery in children.
Postoperative vomiting occurs frequently after strabismus surgery in children. Granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, is effective for the prevention of vomiting following paediatric strabismus surgery. Ramosetron, another new antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor, has more potent and longer acting properties than granisetron against cisplatin induced emesis. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of granisetron and ramosetron for the prevention of vomiting following strabismus surgery in children. ⋯ Prophylactic antiemetic therapy with ramosetron is comparable with granisetron for the prevention of vomiting during 0-24 hours after anaesthesia in children undergoing strabismus surgery. During 24-48 hours after anaesthesia, ramosetron is more effective than granisetron for prophylaxis against postoperative vomiting.