The British journal of ophthalmology
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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a central nervous disorder characterised by abnormally increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure leading to optic nerve compression. An indirect estimate of increased CSF pressure can be obtained by the ultrasonographic determination of optic nerve sheaths diameters. Computerised static perimetry is regarded as the method of choice for monitoring the course of the optic neuropathy in IIH. The aims were to compare the echographic optic nerve diameters (ONDs) and the perimetric thresholds of patients with IIH with those of age-matched controls, and to examine the correlation between these two variables in individual patients with papilloedema. ⋯ These results indicate that OND changes in IIH are associated with perimetric threshold losses, and suggest that IIH functional deficits may be related to the degree of distension of optic nerve sheaths as a result of an increased CSF pressure.
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To present a new non-invasive method of performing a high definition topography of perfused vessels of the retina and the optic nerve head with simultaneous evaluation of blood flow. ⋯ SLDF enables the visualisation of perfused capillaries and vessels of the retina and the optic nerve head in high resolution by two dimensional mapping of perfusion variables which are encoded by the Doppler signal. This method achieves simultaneously qualitative and quantitative evaluation of capillary blood flow of distinct areas of the capillary meshwork.
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This study examined the effects on intraocular pressure, pulse rate, and blood pressure of low dose intravenous sedation with propofol. ⋯ A single low dose bolus of propofol used for sedation before cataract surgery caused a moderate reduction in intraocular pressure with minimal, easily managed side effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Warming lignocaine reduces the pain of injection during peribulbar local anaesthesia for cataract surgery.
To test if the simple technique of warming lignocaine reduces the pain of injection during local anaesthetic cataract surgery. ⋯ The process of warming lignocaine to 37 degrees C has been found to reduce significantly the pain of injection during peribulbar local anaesthesia. It is recommended that this technique be more widely adopted in order to minimise patient's discomfort.
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Review Case Reports
Ectopia lentis et pupillae syndrome in three generations.
In nine members from three generations and in a distant relative, at least three significant characteristics of the ectopia lentis et pupillae syndrome were established including ectopia lentis, ectopia pupillae, persistent pupillary membrane, iris transillumination, and poor pupillary dilatation. All patients developed bilateral cataract before the age of 40 years, and two patients presented with intermittent acute intraocular hypertensive crises. ⋯ Pedigree analysis yielded arguments in favour of an autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced penetrance. A biochemical correlation was not identified.