The British journal of ophthalmology
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The current study aimed to identify whether ultrasonographic measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) could dynamically and sensitively evaluate real-time intracranial pressure (ICP). ONSD measurements were performed approximately 5 min prior to and after a lumbar puncture (LP). A total of 84 patients (mean±SD age, 43.5±14.7 years; 41 (49%) men; 18 patients with elevated ICP) were included in the study. ⋯ With a reduction in cerebrospinal fluid pressure, 80 subjects (95%) showed an immediate drop in ONSD; the median (IQR) decreased from 4.13 (4.02-4.38) mm to 4.02 (3.90-4.23) mm (p<0.001). Significant correlations were found between ONSD and ICP before LPs (r=0.482, p<0.01) and between ΔONSD and ΔICP (r=0.451, p<0.01). Ultrasonic measurement of ONSD can reflect the relative real-time changes in ICP.
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To develop a deep learning system (DLS) that can automatically detect malignant melanoma (MM) in the eyelid from histopathological sections with colossal information density. ⋯ Our DLS, which uses artificial intelligence, can automatically detect MM in histopathological slides and highlight the lesion area on WSIs using a probabilistic heatmap. In addition, our approach has the potential to be applied to the histopathological sections of other tumour types.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Impact of baseline Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale scores on visual outcomes in the VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME studies.
To evaluate intravitreal aflibercept versus laser in subgroups of patients with baseline Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) scores ≤43, 47, and ≥53 in VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME. ⋯ Regardless of baseline DRSS score, functional outcomes were superior in intravitreal aflibercept-treated patients, demonstrating consistent treatment benefit across various baseline levels of retinopathy.
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To estimate the prevalence of glaucoma in Australia. ⋯ We estimate that 198 923 non-Indigenous Australians aged 50 years and over and 2139 Indigenous Australians aged 40 years and over have glaucoma. Given the high rates of undiagnosed glaucoma coupled with a significant ageing of the Australian population, improvements in case detection and access to low vision rehabilitation services may be required to cope with the growing burden of glaucoma.
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Multicenter Study
Unmeasurable small size superficial and deep foveal avascular zone in nanophthalmos: the Collaborative Nanophthalmos OCTA Study.
To study the macular structure and vasculature in consecutive nanophthalmic eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography. ⋯ FAZ attenuation, capillary tortuosity, foveal folds and thickened subfoveal choroid characterise the nanophthalmic macula. These findings may result from a redundant retina and the absence of apoptotic foveolar retraction because of developmental arrest of the optic vesicle after closure of the embryonic fissure.