Acta anaesthesiologica Sinica
-
Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Dec 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCo-administration of midazolam decreases propofol dose during anesthesia in endoscopic laryngeal microsurgery.
Propofol is commonly used in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) for brief surgical procedures because it offers rapid recovery and has fewer side effects. However, concomittent use of other adjuvant agents has been considered so that the same anesthetic effects can be achieved at lower doses of propofol which is more expensive without compromising rapid recovery and increasing the adverse effects. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the co-administration of midazolam and propofol during anesthesia for endoscopic microsurgery and test its influences on the consumption of propofol and the quality of anesthesia. ⋯ Our result suggests that co-administration of midazolam and propofol in TIVA appears to be safe, effective, and economic alternative to that with propofol alone. The effects were synergic but side effects were not.
-
Opioids relieve painful stimuli by interacting with the opioid receptor subtypes, mu, delta, and kappa, in brain regions and spinal cord. Tolerance reduces medication effectiveness and causes a right-hand shift in the dose-response curve. The mechanisms involved in the development of opioid tolerance remain not clear. ⋯ The NMDA receptors can also induce the synthesis of NO (nitric oxide) through the activation of NOS (NO synthase). NOS inhibitors were also shown to prevent the development of opioid tolerance, therefore, NO was suggested to play a role in opioid tolerance development. Although much evidence indicates the reasons of opioid tolerance, it is still worth further investigation to explore the mechanisms of multiplicity of opioid receptors and complexity of intracellular biochemical events.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Dec 1996
[Clinical experience of laryngeal mask airway combined with continuous intravenous propofol infusion during general anesthesia].
Propofol's greatest attributes are its pharmacokinetic properties which result in a rapid, clear emergency and lack of cumulative effects even after prolonged administration. It is a drug of popular choice for the maintenance of general anesthesia. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA), originally described by Dr. Brain is now a good alternative as the airway management technique. Because of its high success rate in securing a clinically acceptable airway in anesthetized patients, LMA has been proposed as a practical airway and conveyer for general anesthesia. This study was designed to observe and evaluate the feasibility of propofol infusion combined with N2O for maintenance of anesthesia, with a LMA as airway and conveyer during general anesthesia. ⋯ The combination of propofol infusion and N2O with laryngeal mask as airway and recovery was a good alternative in administration of general anesthesia.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Dec 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialProphylaxis against acid aspiration in regional anesthesia for elective cesarean section: a comparison between oral single-dose ranitidine, famotidine and omeprazole assessed with fiberoptic gastric aspiration.
Acid aspiration syndrome is still an important cause which contributes to maternal mortality in obstetric anesthesia. In this study, we compared famotidine, ranitidine, omeprazole with placebo for prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis in elective Cesarean section under regional anesthesia. ⋯ Our data demonstrated that parturients under regional anesthesia were at a higher risk of aspiration pneumonitis than generally thought. Single dose of ranitidine or famotidine administered orally three hours before surgery provided a more effective means to control and neutralize gastric secretion than omeprazole in parturients.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Dec 1996
Comparative StudyThe comparative potency of intravenous nicardipine and verapamil on the cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation.
Two different types of calcium channel blockers (namely nicardipine and verapamil) have been used widely in clinical practice. However, no clinical studies have previously been performed to ascertain the relative potency of intravenous verapamil and nicardipine in the attenuation of cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation. ⋯ These results suggest that verapamil and nicardipine attenuate the hypertensive response to tracheal intubation without significant adverse effects in healthy patients. The dose ratio (ED50 nicardipine and ED50 verapamil for MAP) with 95% confidence interval was revealed to be 2.3 (1.82-7.41).