Klinika oczna
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Review
[Perioperative posterior ischemic optic neuropathy--pathogenesis and clinical characteristics].
Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) is an uncommon cause of perioperative visual loss. It has been most frequently reported after spinal surgery and radical neck dissection. This type of PION occurs in the setting of profound hypotension and severe anemia during the perioperative period. ⋯ Diagnosis of PION can be made only after other causes of the optic neuropathy have been excluded. The prognosis for visual recovery is generally poor. Although correction of hemodynamic derangements may be beneficial, no treatment has proven to be effective.
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The aim of this study was to assess the percentage of purposeful attendance to ophthalmology emergency service and to analyse the main reasons of attendance. The authors analysed a group of over 40 thousand patients, and came to the conclusion that at least, one third of them should not have sought help in emergency service since their status did not justify that.
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Case Reports
[Internuclear ophthalmoplegia in course of multiple sclerosis and head trauma. Presentation of 2 cases].
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is produced by a lesion in the brainstem involving the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), between the oculomotor and abducens nuclei. This lesion is mostly causes by multiple sclerosis, and only rarely by head injury. ⋯ Authors present 2 cases of unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia as an isolated sequels of multiple sclerosis and head trauma. They discuss patho-mechanism and diagnostic problems, especially magnetic resonance imaging of MLF lesion.