Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Neural activity of the epileptic human brain contains low- and high-frequency oscillations in different frequency bands, some of which have been used as reliable biomarkers of the epileptogenic brain areas. However, the relationship between the low- and high-frequency oscillations in different cortical areas during the period from pre-seizure to post-seizure has not been completely clarified. ⋯ Phase-amplitude coupling can provide meaningful reference for accurate resection of epileptogenic focus and provide insight into the underlying neural dynamics of the epileptic seizure in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Comparative Study
Phase-locked and non-phase-locked EEG responses to pinprick stimulation before and after experimentally-induced secondary hyperalgesia.
Pinprick-evoked brain potentials (PEPs) have been proposed as a technique to investigate secondary hyperalgesia and central sensitization in humans. However, the signal-to-noise (SNR) of PEPs is low. Here, using time-frequency analysis, we characterize the phase-locked and non-phase-locked EEG responses to pinprick stimulation, before and after secondary hyperalgesia. ⋯ Time-frequency analysis of PEPs can be used to investigate central sensitization in humans.
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Delirium is a common post-operative complication associated with significant costs, morbidity, and mortality. We sought sleep/EEG predictors of delirium present prior to delirium symptoms to facilitate developing and targeting therapies. ⋯ This first study to prospectively collect continuous EEG data for an extended period prior to delirium onset identified EEG-derived indices that predict subsequent delirium that could aid in developing and targeting therapies.
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Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant toxicity of cancer treatment, with the potential to affect long-term function and quality of life in cancer survivors. There remains a lack of consensus around optimal assessment techniques. While current approaches to CIPN assessment are focused on clinical grading scales, it is becoming increasingly evident that a more comprehensive multimodal assessment package is necessary to accurately characterise the impact of CIPN as well as gauge the utility of neuroprotective mechanisms. ⋯ In addition to providing an objective assessment, clinical neurophysiological techniques provide important insights into the contributory pathophysiological mechanisms of CIPN with different chemotherapy agents. There is a paucity of implementation of these techniques in the clinical trial setting. The present Review aims to facilitate the use of neurophysiological studies as part of comprehensive assessment packages for the monitoring of CIPN by summarising current understanding of neurophysiological changes that underlie the development of neuropathy, clinical presentations and patient reported outcomes as well as advantages and limitations of current techniques for the neurophysiological assessment of CIPN.
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To investigate motor unit number estimation (MUNE) as a method to quantitatively evaluate severity and progression of motor unit loss in Hirayama disease (HD). ⋯ These results have provided evidence for the application of MUNE in estimating the reduction of motor unit in HD and confirming the validity of MUNE for tracking the progression of HD in a clinical setting.