Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
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Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. · Jul 2014
ReviewIncretins: their physiology and application in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Therapies targeting the action of incretin hormones have been under close scrutiny in recent years. The incretin effect has been defined as postprandial enhancement of insulin secretion by gut-derived factors. Likewise, incretin mimetics and incretin effect amplifiers are the two different incretin-based treatment strategies developed for the treatment of diabetes. ⋯ Thus, anti-diabetic properties of these two classes of drugs have stimulated substantial clinical interest in the potential of incretin-based therapeutic agents as a means to control glucose homeostasis in T2DM patients. Despite this fact, clinical use of GLP-1 mimetics and DPP-4 inhibitors have raised substantial concerns owing to possible side effects of the treatments involving increased risk for pancreatitis, and C-cell adenoma/carcinoma. Thus, controversial issues in incretin-based therapies under development are reviewed and discussed in this manuscript.
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Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialGAD-treatment of children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes preserves residual insulin secretion after 30 months.
This study aimed to analyse data from two different studies (phase II and phase III) regarding the safety and efficacy of treatment with alum formulated glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 (GAD-alum) at 30 months after administration to children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. ⋯ Treatment with two doses of GAD-alum in children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes shows no adverse events and preserves residual insulin secretion.