Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Sep 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyLinagliptin provides effective, well-tolerated add-on therapy to pre-existing oral antidiabetic therapy over 1 year in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of linagliptin as add-on therapy to one approved oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and insufficient glycaemic control. ⋯ Once-daily linagliptin showed safety and tolerability over 1 year and provided effective add-on therapy leading to significant HbA1c reductions, similar to metformin, over 52 weeks in Japanese patients.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Sep 2013
ReviewDysglycaemia in the critically ill - significance and management.
Hyperglycaemia frequently occurs in the critically ill, in patients with diabetes, as well as those who were previously glucose-tolerant. The terminology 'stress hyperglycaemia' reflects the pathogenesis of the latter group, which may comprise up to 40% of critically ill patients. For comparable glucose concentrations during acute illness outcomes in stress hyperglycaemia appear to be worse than those in patients with type 2 diabetes. ⋯ The pathogenesis of stress hyperglycaemia is complex, but hyperglucagonaemia, relative insulin deficiency and insulin resistance appear to be important. Accordingly, novel agents that have a pathophysiological rationale and treat hyperglycaemia, but do not cause hypoglycaemia and limit glycaemic variability, are appealing. The potential use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (or its agonists) and dipeptyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors is reviewed.